Journal ArticleDOI
Ecosystem carbon stocks across a tropical intertidal habitat mosaic of mangrove forest, seagrass meadow, mudflat and sandbar
TLDR
In this paper, the authors presented the results of a field-based carbon stock assessment of aboveground, belowground and sediment organic carbon stock to a depth of 1'm at Chek Jawa, Singapore.Abstract:
Intertidal habitats provide numerous ecosystem services, including the sequestration and storage of carbon, a topic of great recent interest owing to land-cover transitions and climate change. Mangrove forests and seagrass meadows form a continuum of intertidal habitats, alongside unvegetated mudflats and sandbars, however, studies that consider carbon stocks across these spatially-linked, threatened ecosystems are limited world-wide. This paper presents the results of a field-based carbon stock assessment of aboveground, belowground and sediment organic carbon stock to a depth of 1 m at Chek Jawa, Singapore. It is the first study of ecosystem carbon stocks of both vegetated and unvegetated intertidal habitats in the tropics. Ecosystem carbon stocks were 497 Mg C ha-1 in the mangrove forest and 138 Mg C ha-1 in the seagrass meadow. Sediment organic carbon stock dominated the total storage in both habitats, constituting 62% and >99% in the mangrove forest and seagrass meadow, respectively. In the adjacent mudflat and sandbars, which had no vegetative components, sediment organic carbon stock ranged from 124–143 Mg C ha-1, suggesting that unvegetated habitats have a carbon storage role on the same order of importance as seagrass meadows. This study reinforces the importance of sediment in carbon storage within the intertidal ecosystem, and demonstrates the need to consider unvegetated habitats in intertidal ‘blue carbon’ stock assessments. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Marine reserves can mitigate and promote adaptation to climate change.
Callum M. Roberts,Bethan Christine O'Leary,Douglas J. McCauley,Philippe Cury,Carlos M. Duarte,Jane Lubchenco,Daniel Pauly,Andrea Sáenz-Arroyo,Ussif Rashid Sumaila,Rod W. Wilson,Boris Worm,Juan Carlos Castilla +11 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that marine reserves are a viable low-tech, cost-effective adaptation strategy that would yield multiple cobenefits from local to global scales, improving the outlook for the environment and people into the future.
Journal ArticleDOI
Estimation and mapping of above-ground biomass of mangrove forests and their replacement land uses in the Philippines using Sentinel imagery
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the ability of Sentinel imagery for the retrieval and predictive mapping of above-ground biomass of mangroves and their replacement land uses, and developed models each from SAR raw polarisation backscatter data, multispectral bands, vegetation indices and canopy biophysical variables.
Journal ArticleDOI
Carbon stocks in bamboo ecosystems worldwide: Estimates and uncertainties
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of 184 studies on bamboo biomass for 70 species (22 genera) was conducted and the authors estimated plausible ranges for above-ground carbon (AGC) biomass (16-128 MgC/ha), below-ground organic carbon (BGC) biomass(8-64 Mg C/ha) and total ecosystem carbon (TEC) for most species.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of land-use and land-cover change on mangrove blue carbon: A systematic review
Sigit D. Sasmito,Sigit D. Sasmito,Pierre Taillardat,Pierre Taillardat,Jessica Clendenning,Jessica Clendenning,Clint Cameron,Daniel A. Friess,Daniel Murdiyarso,Daniel Murdiyarso,Lindsay B. Hutley +10 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that regeneration may help restore carbon stocks back to pre-disturbed levels over decadal to century time scales only, with a faster rate for biomass recovery than for soil carbon stocks.
Journal ArticleDOI
Variability in the organic carbon stocks, sources, and accumulation rates of Indonesian mangrove ecosystems
Mariska Astrid Kusumaningtyas,Andreas A Hutahaean,Helmut W Fischer,Manuel Pérez-Mayo,Daniela Ransby,Daniela Ransby,Tim C Jennerjahn +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured organic carbon stocks, sources and accumulation rates in three Indonesian mangrove ecosystems with different environmental settings and conditions; (i) a degraded estuarine managove forest in the Segara Anakan Lagoon (SAL), Central Java, (ii) an undegraded estuarial managoves forest in Berau region, East Kalimantan, and (iii) a pristine marine mangroves forest on Kongsi Island, Thousand Islands, Jakarta.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A blueprint for blue carbon: toward an improved understanding of the role of vegetated coastal habitats in sequestering CO2
Elizabeth Mcleod,Gail L. Chmura,Steven Bouillon,Rodney Salm,Mats Björk,Carlos M. Duarte,Carlos M. Duarte,Catherine E. Lovelock,William H. Schlesinger,Brian R. Silliman +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify key areas of uncertainty and specific actions needed to address them and identify the value of mangrove forests, seagrass beds, and salt marshes in sequestering carbon dioxide.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mangroves among the most carbon-rich forests in the tropics
Daniel C. Donato,J. Boone Kauffman,Daniel Murdiyarso,Sofyan Kurnianto,Melanie Stidham,Markku Kanninen +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors quantified whole-ecosystem carbon storage by measuring tree and dead wood biomass, soil carbon content, and soil depth in 25 mangrove forests across a broad area of the Indo-Pacific region.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global carbon sequestration in tidal, saline wetland soils
Gail L. Chmura,Shimon C. Anisfeld,Donald R. Cahoon,Donald R. Cahoon,James C. Lynch,James C. Lynch +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the average soil carbon density of mangrove swamps (0.055 ± 0.004 g cm−3) is significantly higher than the salt marsh average ( 0.039 − 0.003 g cm −3) due to increased decay rates at higher temperatures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Seagrass ecosystems as a globally significant carbon stock
James W. Fourqurean,Carlos M. Duarte,Carlos M. Duarte,Hilary Kennedy,Núria Marbà,Marianne Holmer,Miguel Ángel Mateo,Eugenia T. Apostolaki,Gary A. Kendrick,Dorte Krause-Jensen,Karen J. McGlathery,Oscar Serrano +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, an analysis of organic carbon data from just under one thousand seagrass meadows indicates that, globally, these systems could store between 4.2 and 8.4 Pg carbon.
Journal ArticleDOI
CO 2 emissions from forest loss
G. R. van der Werf,Douglas C. Morton,Ruth DeFries,J. G. J. Olivier,Prasad S. Kasibhatla,Robert B. Jackson,G. J. Collatz,James T. Randerson +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the second largest anthropogenic source of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, after fossil fuel combustion, is revised downwards, but tropical peatlands emerge as a notable carbon dioxide source.