Marine reserves can mitigate and promote adaptation to climate change.
Callum M. Roberts,Bethan Christine O'Leary,Douglas J. McCauley,Philippe Cury,Carlos M. Duarte,Jane Lubchenco,Daniel Pauly,Andrea Sáenz-Arroyo,Ussif Rashid Sumaila,Rod W. Wilson,Boris Worm,Juan Carlos Castilla +11 more
TLDR
It is concluded that marine reserves are a viable low-tech, cost-effective adaptation strategy that would yield multiple cobenefits from local to global scales, improving the outlook for the environment and people into the future.Abstract:
Strong decreases in greenhouse gas emissions are required to meet the reduction trajectory resolved within the 2015 Paris Agreement. However, even these decreases will not avert serious stress and damage to life on Earth, and additional steps are needed to boost the resilience of ecosystems, safeguard their wildlife, and protect their capacity to supply vital goods and services. We discuss how well-managed marine reserves may help marine ecosystems and people adapt to five prominent impacts of climate change: acidification, sea-level rise, intensification of storms, shifts in species distribution, and decreased productivity and oxygen availability, as well as their cumulative effects. We explore the role of managed ecosystems in mitigating climate change by promoting carbon sequestration and storage and by buffering against uncertainty in management, environmental fluctuations, directional change, and extreme events. We highlight both strengths and limitations and conclude that marine reserves are a viable low-tech, cost-effective adaptation strategy that would yield multiple cobenefits from local to global scales, improving the outlook for the environment and people into the future.read more
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A Global Deal For Nature: Guiding principles, milestones, and targets
Eric Dinerstein,Carly Vynne,Enric Sala,Anup R. Joshi,Suranjan Fernando,Thomas E. Lovejoy,Juan Mayorga,D. Olson,Gregory P. Asner,Jonathan E. M. Baillie,Neil D. Burgess,K. Burkart,Reed F. Noss,Ya-Ping Zhang,Alessandro Baccini,Tanya Birch,Nathan Hahn,Lucas Joppa,Eric Wikramanayake +18 more
TL;DR: Freshwater and marine targets included here extend the GDN to all realms and provide a pathway to ensuring a more livable biosphere.
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Rebuilding marine life
Carlos M. Duarte,Carlos M. Duarte,Susana Agustí,Edward B. Barbier,Gregory L. Britten,Juan Carlos Castilla,Jean-Pierre Gattuso,Jean-Pierre Gattuso,Jean-Pierre Gattuso,Robinson W. Fulweiler,Terry P. Hughes,Nancy Knowlton,Catherine E. Lovelock,Heike K. Lotze,Milica Predragovic,Elvira S. Poloczanska,Callum M. Roberts,Boris Worm +17 more
TL;DR: Recovery rates across studies suggest that substantial recovery of the abundance, structure and function of marine life could be achieved by 2050 if major pressures, including climate change, are mitigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global ensemble projections reveal trophic amplification of ocean biomass declines with climate change
Heike K. Lotze,Derek P. Tittensor,Derek P. Tittensor,Andrea Bryndum-Buchholz,Tyler D. Eddy,Tyler D. Eddy,William W. L. Cheung,Eric D. Galbraith,Eric D. Galbraith,Manuel Barange,Nicolas Barrier,Daniele Bianchi,Julia L. Blanchard,Laurent Bopp,Matthias Büchner,Catherine M. Bulman,David A. Carozza,Villy Christensen,Marta Coll,John P. Dunne,Elizabeth A. Fulton,Simon Jennings,Simon Jennings,Miranda C. Jones,Steve Mackinson,Olivier Maury,Olivier Maury,Susa Niiranen,Ricardo Oliveros-Ramos,Tilla Roy,Jose A. Fernandes,Jacob Schewe,Yunne-Jai Shin,Yunne-Jai Shin,Tiago H. Silva,Jeroen Steenbeek,Charles A. Stock,Philippe Verley,Jan Volkholz,Nicola D. Walker,Boris Worm +40 more
TL;DR: An integrated global ocean assessment of climate change impacts using an ensemble of multiple climate and ecosystem models reveals that global marine animal biomass will decline under all emission scenarios, driven by increasing temperature and decreasing primary production.
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An Overview of Seabed Mining Including the Current State of Development, Environmental Impacts, and Knowledge Gaps
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