Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of exogenous melatonin on X-ray induced cellular toxicity in lymphatic tissue of Indian tropical male squirrel, Funambulus pennanti.
TLDR
Exogenous melatonin with its anti-apoptotic and antioxidant properties additively increased the immunity of the squirrels, by protecting their hematopoietic system and lymphoid organs against X-ray radiation induced cellular toxicity.Abstract:
Purpose: The radioprotective ability of melatonin was investigated in the Indian tropical rodent, Funambulus pennanti during its reproductively inactive phase (RIP) when peripheral melatonin is high and the animal is under the influence of environmental stresses. Materials and methods: Fifty male squirrels were divided into two sets of 25 each; with set 1 receiving 0.9% saline and set 2 receiving 25 mg melatonin/100 g body weight/day for four weeks during evening hours. Five saline-treated and five-melatonin treated squirrels were sacrificed at times of 4, 24, 48 and 72 hours following 2.06 Gy X-ray radiation. Remaining squirrels that were not exposed to X-ray were used as control and melatonin treated, respectively. Total leukocyte count (TLC) and lymphocyte count (LC) in peripheral blood and lipid peroxidation (LPO) status, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total antioxidant status (TAS), apoptotic percentage on the basis of morphological changes and DNA fragmentation and caspase3 activity were measured in the spleens of squirrels. Results: Peripheral blood and spleens with higher intrinsic levels of environmental and X-radiation induced free radical generation had inhibited TLC, LC, SOD activity and TAS and increased LPO and apoptosis. Melatonin pre-treatment significantly reduced and altered the changes brought on by X-radiation. Conclusion: Exogenous melatonin with its anti-apoptotic and antioxidant properties additively increased the immunity of the squirrels, by protecting their hematopoietic system and lymphoid organs against X-ray radiation induced cellular toxicity.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Neuroprotective effect of melatonin on radiation‐induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in the brainstem of rats
Elham Motallebzadeh,Abolfazl Azami Tameh,Sayyed Alireza Talaei Zavareh,Bagher Farhood,Akbar Aliasgharzedeh,Mehran Mohseni +5 more
TL;DR: Melatonin approximately showed a capacity for neuroprotective activity in managing irradiation‐induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in the brainstem of rats; however, the use of melatonin as a neuroProtective agent in humans requires further study, particularly clinical trials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparison of the effects of melatonin and genistein on radiation‑induced nephrotoxicity: Results of an experimental study
Emine Canyilmaz,Gonca Hanedan Uslu,Zumrut Bahat,Mustafa Kandaz,Sevdegül Mungan,Emel Haciislamoglu,Ahmet Mentese,Adnan Yoney +7 more
TL;DR: It is shown that melatonin and genistein supplementation prior to irradiation-protected mice against RIN, which may have therapeutic implications for radiation-induced injuries is shown.
Journal ArticleDOI
Long-term melatonin administration attenuates low-LET γ-radiation-induced lymphatic tissue injury during the reproductively active and inactive phases of Indian palm squirrels (Funambulus pennanti)
TL;DR: It is proposed that melatonin might preserve the viability of immune cells of a seasonal breeder against background radiation, which is constantly present in the environment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms for Radioprotection by Melatonin; Can it be Used as a Radiation Countermeasure?
Peyman Amini,Hanifeh Mirtavoos-Mahyari,Elahe Motevaseli,Dheyauldeen Shabeeb,Ahmed Eleojo Musa,Mohsen Cheki,Bagher Farhood,Rasoul Yahyapour,Alireza Shirazi,Nouraddin Abdi Goushbolagh,Masoud Najafi +10 more
TL;DR: This review aims to clarify the molecular mechanisms of radioprotective effects of melatonin, as well as possible applications as a radiation countermeasure in accidental exposure or nuclear/radiological disasters.
Journal ArticleDOI
Protective effects of genistein and melatonin on mouse liver injury induced by whole‑body ionising radiation
TL;DR: It is revealed that melatonin and genistein administration prior to irradiation protects mice against liver injury, which may have therapeutic implications for RT-induced injuries.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay.
Roberta Re,Nicoletta Pellegrini,Anna R. Proteggente,Ananth S. Pannala,Min Yang,Catherine Rice-Evans +5 more
TL;DR: A method for the screening of antioxidant activity is reported as a decolorization assay applicable to both lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidants, including flavonoids, hydroxycinnamates, carotenoids, and plasma antioxidants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Identification of programmed cell death in situ via specific labeling of nuclear DNA fragmentation.
TL;DR: The extent of tissue-PCD revealed by this method is considerably greater than apoptosis detected by nuclear morphology, and thus opens the way for a variety of studies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regulation of antioxidant enzymes: a significant role for melatonin.
Carmen Rodríguez,Juan C. Mayo,Rosa M. Sainz,Isaac Antolín,Federico Herrera,Vanesa Martín,Russel J. Reiter +6 more
TL;DR: This report reviews the studies which document the influence of melatonin on the activity and expression of the antioxidative enzymes glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutases and catalase both under physiological and under conditions of elevated oxidative stress and analyses the possible mechanisms by which melatonin regulates these enzymes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Actions of melatonin in the reduction of oxidative stress
TL;DR: Melatonin was discovered to be a direct free radical scavenger less than 10 years ago and besides its ability to directly neutralize a number of free radicals and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, it stimulates several antioxidative enzymes which increase its efficiency as an antioxidant.