El Niño–Southern Oscillation complexity
Axel Timmermann,Axel Timmermann,Soon Il An,Jong-Seong Kug,Fei-Fei Jin,Wenju Cai,Wenju Cai,Wenju Cai,Antonietta Capotondi,Antonietta Capotondi,Kim M. Cobb,Matthieu Lengaigne,Michael J. McPhaden,Malte F. Stuecker,Malte F. Stuecker,Karl Stein,Andrew T. Wittenberg,Kyung-Sook Yun,Tobias Bayr,Han Ching Chen,Yoshimitsu Chikamoto,Boris Dewitte,Dietmar Dommenget,Pamela R. Grothe,Eric Guilyardi,Eric Guilyardi,Yoo-Geun Ham,Michiya Hayashi,Sarah Ineson,Daehyun Kang,Sunyong Kim,WonMoo Kim,June-Yi Lee,Tim Li,Jing-Jia Luo,Shayne McGregor,Yann Planton,Scott B. Power,Harun Rashid,Hong Li Ren,Agus Santoso,Ken Takahashi,Alexander Todd,Guomin Wang,Guojian Wang,Ruihuang Xie,Woo Hyun Yang,Sang-Wook Yeh,Jin-Ho Yoon,Elke Zeller,Xuebin Zhang +50 more
TLDR
A synopsis of the current understanding of the spatio-temporal complexity of this important climate mode and its influence on the Earth system is provided and a unifying framework that identifies the key factors for this complexity is proposed.Abstract:
El Nino events are characterized by surface warming of the tropical Pacific Ocean and weakening of equatorial trade winds that occur every few years Such conditions are accompanied by changes in atmospheric and oceanic circulation, affecting global climate, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, fisheries and human activities The alternation of warm El Nino and cold La Nina conditions, referred to as the El Nino–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), represents the strongest year-to-year fluctuation of the global climate system Here we provide a synopsis of our current understanding of the spatio-temporal complexity of this important climate mode and its influence on the Earth systemread more
Citations
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Global Warming Pattern Formation: Sea Surface Temperature and Rainfall
TL;DR: In this paper, spatial variations in sea surface temperature (SST) and rainfall changes over the tropics are investigated based on ensemble simulations for the first half of the twenty-first century under the greenhouse gas emission scenario A1B with coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) and National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR).
ENSO representation in climate models: from CMIP3 to CMIP5
TL;DR: In this article, the ability of CMIP3 and CMIP5 coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models (CGCMs) to simulate the tropical Pacific mean state and El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) was analyzed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Presentation and evaluation of the IPSL‐CM6A‐LR climate model
Olivier Boucher,Jérôme Servonnat,Anna Lea Albright,Olivier Aumont,Yves Balkanski,Vladislav Bastrikov,Slimane Bekki,Rémy Bonnet,Sandrine Bony,Laurent Bopp,Pascale Braconnot,Patrick Brockmann,Patricia Cadule,Arnaud Caubel,Frédérique Cheruy,Francis Codron,Anne Cozic,David Cugnet,Fabio D'Andrea,Paolo Davini,Casimir de Lavergne,Sébastien Denvil,Julie Deshayes,Marion Devilliers,Agnès Ducharne,Jean-Louis Dufresne,Eliott Dupont,Christian Ethé,Laurent Fairhead,Lola Falletti,Simona Flavoni,Marie Alice Foujols,Sébastien Gardoll,Guillaume Gastineau,Josefine Ghattas,Jean Yves Grandpeix,Bertrand Guenet,E. Guez Lionel,Eric Guilyardi,Matthieu Guimberteau,Didier Hauglustaine,Frédéric Hourdin,Abderrahmane Idelkadi,Sylvie Joussaume,Masa Kageyama,Myriam Khodri,Gerhard Krinner,Nicolas Lebas,Guillaume Levavasseur,Claire Lévy,Laurent Li,François Lott,Thibaut Lurton,Sebastiaan Luyssaert,Gurvan Madec,Jean Baptiste Madeleine,Fabienne Maignan,Marion Marchand,Olivier Marti,Lidia Mellul,Yann Meurdesoif,Juliette Mignot,Ionela Musat,Catherine Ottlé,Philippe Peylin,Yann Planton,Jan Polcher,Catherine Rio,Nicolas Rochetin,Clément Rousset,Pierre Sepulchre,Adriana Sima,Didier Swingedouw,Rémi Thiéblemont,Abdoul Khadre Traore,Martin Vancoppenolle,Jessica Vial,Jérôme Vialard,Nicolas Viovy,Nicolas Vuichard +79 more
TL;DR: The authors presented the global climate model IPSL-CM6A-LR developed at the Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace (IPSL) to study natural climate variability and climate response to natural and anthropogenic forcings as part of the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6).
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Pantropical Climate Interactions
Wenju Cai,Wenju Cai,Lixin Wu,Matthieu Lengaigne,Matthieu Lengaigne,Tim Li,Shayne McGregor,Jong-Seong Kug,Jin-Yi Yu,Malte F. Stuecker,Agus Santoso,Agus Santoso,Xichen Li,Yoo-Geun Ham,Yoshimitsu Chikamoto,Benjamin Ng,Michael J. McPhaden,Yan Du,Dietmar Dommenget,Fan Jia,Jules B. Kajtar,Noel Keenlyside,Noel Keenlyside,Xiaopei Lin,Jing-Jia Luo,Marta Martín-Rey,Marta Martín-Rey,Yohan Ruprich-Robert,Guojian Wang,Guojian Wang,Shang-Ping Xie,Yun Yang,Sarah M. Kang,Jun-Young Choi,Bolan Gan,Geon-Il Kim,Chang Eun Kim,Sun-Young Kim,Jeong-Hwan Kim,Ping Chang +39 more
TL;DR: Advances in the understanding of pantropical interbasin climate interactions are reviewed and their implications for both climate prediction and future climate projections are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Teleconnection of El Niño Southern Oscillation to the Stratosphere
TL;DR: The authors in this article reviewed the possible mechanisms connecting ENSO to the stratosphere in the tropics and the extratropics of both hemispheres while also considering open questions, including nonlinearities in the teleconnections, the role of ENSo diversity, and the impacts of climate change and variability.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century
Nick Rayner,David E. Parker,E. B. Horton,Chris K. Folland,Lisa V. Alexander,David P. Rowell,Elizabeth C. Kent,Alexey Kaplan +7 more
TL;DR: HadISST1 as mentioned in this paper replaces the global sea ice and sea surface temperature (GISST) data sets and is a unique combination of monthly globally complete fields of SST and sea ice concentration on a 1° latitude-longitude grid from 1871.
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The Version 2 Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) Monthly Precipitation Analysis (1979-Present)
Robert F. Adler,George J. Huffman,Alfred T. C. Chang,Ralph Ferraro,Pingping Xie,John E. Janowiak,B. Rudolf,Udo Schneider,Scott Curtis,David T. Bolvin,Arnold Gruber,Joel Susskind,P. A. Arkin,Eric Nelkin +13 more
TL;DR: The Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) version 2 Monthly Precise Analysis as discussed by the authors is a merged analysis that incorporates precipitation estimates from low-orbit satellite microwave data, geosynchronous-orbit-satellite infrared data, and rain gauge observations.
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Global and Regional Scale Precipitation Patterns Associated with the El Niño/Southern Oscillation
TL;DR: In this article, the amplitude and phase of the Arm harmonic fitted to the 24-month composite values are plotted in the form of a vector for each station, which reveals both the regions of spatially coherent ENSO-related precipitation and the phase of this signal in relation to the evolution of the composite episode.
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Atmospheric teleconnections from the equatorial pacific1
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the strong response of the northeast Pacific westerlies to big positive anomalies of equatorial sea temperature, observed in the winter of 1957-58, has been found to repeat during the major equatorial Sea temperature maxima in the winters of 1963-64 and 1965-66.
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Variations in Tropical Sea Surface Temperature and Surface Wind Fields Associated with the Southern Oscillation/El Niño
TL;DR: In this article, the evolution of sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies, surface wind fields, and precipitation anomaly patterns during major warm episodes in the eastern and central tropical Pacific are described in terms of composite SST and wind fields (30°N−30°S) for six warm episodes since 1949, and time series and cross-spectral analyses of mean monthly data along six shipping lanes which cross the equator between the South American coast and 170°W.