Journal ArticleDOI
Fire enhances forest degradation within forest edge zones in Africa
Zhe Zhao,Wei Li,Philippe Ciais,Philippe Ciais,Maurizio Santoro,Oliver Cartus,Shushi Peng,Yi Yin,Chao Yue,Hui Yang,Le Yu,Lei Zhu,Jingmeng Wang +12 more
TLDR
In this article, the impact of fires used for slash-and-burn on forest edge effects remains unclear, but it is shown that fire exacerbates forest degradation in the forest edge zones in Africa, increasing the carbon deficit caused by forest fragmentation, according to analyses of high-resolution satellite data on forest cover and biomass.Abstract:
African forests suffer from severe fragmentation that further causes forest degradation near forest edges. The impact of fires used for slash-and-burn on forest edge effects remains unclear. Here, using high-resolution satellite-based forest-cover and biomass datasets, we find that edge effects extend a median distance and an interquartile range of $$0.11_{ - 0.04}^{ + 0.06}\,{\mathrm{km}}$$
and $$0.15_{ - 0.05}^{ + 0.09}\,{\mathrm{km}}$$
into moist and dry forests, and biomass within the forest edge zones has a carbon deficit of 4.1 PgC. Fires occurred in 52% of the forest edges and increased the carbon deficit by $$5.5_{ - 2.9}^{ + 4.3}\,{\mathrm{MgC}}\,{\mathrm{ha}^{{-1}}}$$
, compared with non-fire edges, through both the direct impact of fires intruding into forests and the indirect impact of changes in the local atmospheric circulations increasing canopy dryness. If small-scale slash-and-burn practices continue, increased fragmentation during 2010–2100 will result in a carbon loss from edge effects of 0.54–4.6 PgC. Fragmentation-caused forest degradation could be avoided by implementing dedicated forest protection policies supported by satellite monitoring of forest edges. Fire exacerbates forest degradation in the forest edge zones in Africa, increasing the carbon deficit caused by forest fragmentation, according to analyses of high-resolution satellite data on forest cover and biomass.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Global and Regional Trends and Drivers of Fire Under Climate Change
Matthew W. Jones,John T. Abatzoglou,Sander Veraverbeke,Niels Andela,Gitta Lasslop,Matthias Forkel,Adam J. P. Smith,Chantelle Burton,Richard Betts,Guido R. van der Werf,Stephen Sitch,Josep G. Canadell,Cristina Santín,Crystal A. Kolden,Stefan H. Doerr,Corinne Le Quéré +15 more
TL;DR: In this article , the authors present a stocktake of regional trends in fire weather and burned area during recent decades, and examine how fire activity relates to its bioclimatic and human drivers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Smart fire-warning materials and sensors: Design principle, performances, and applications
Ling Lv,Cheng Cao,Yong-Xiang Qu,Guo-Dong Zhang,Li Zhu Zhao,Kun Cao,Pingan Song,Long-Cheng Tang +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper , a review comprehensively discusses passive flame retardant materials, traditional active fire warning sensors, and next-generation smart fire warning materials and sensors, in addition to the flammability of combustible materials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deforestation-induced climate change reduces carbon storage in remaining tropical forests
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors used both Earth system model simulations and satellite-derived estimates of aboveground biomass to assess losses of vegetation carbon caused by the influence of tropical deforestation on regional climate across different continents.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deforestation-induced climate change reduces carbon storage in remaining tropical forests
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors used both Earth system model simulations and satellite-derived estimates of aboveground biomass to assess losses of vegetation carbon caused by the influence of tropical deforestation on regional climate across different continents.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multifaceted land use change and varied responses of ecological carrying capacity: A case study of Chongqing, China
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors developed a "direction-speed-pattern" tri-dimensional framework for characterizing LUC and assessed ECC by incorporating the resource provision capacity and environmental support capacity.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
High-Resolution Global Maps of 21st-Century Forest Cover Change
Matthew C. Hansen,Peter Potapov,Rebecca Moore,M. Hancher,Svetlana Turubanova,Alexandra Tyukavina,David Thau,Stephen V. Stehman,Scott J. Goetz,Thomas R. Loveland,Anil Kommareddy,A. Egorov,Louise Chini,Christopher O. Justice,John R. Townshend +14 more
TL;DR: Intensive forestry practiced within subtropical forests resulted in the highest rates of forest change globally, and boreal forest loss due largely to fire and forestry was second to that in the tropics in absolute and proportional terms.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Large and Persistent Carbon Sink in the World’s Forests
Yude Pan,Richard Birdsey,Jingyun Fang,Jingyun Fang,Richard A. Houghton,Pekka E. Kauppi,Werner A. Kurz,Oliver L. Phillips,Anatoly Shvidenko,Simon L. Lewis,Josep G. Canadell,Philippe Ciais,Robert B. Jackson,Stephen W. Pacala,A. David McGuire,Shilong Piao,Aapo Rautiainen,Stephen Sitch,Daniel J. Hayes +18 more
TL;DR: The total forest sink estimate is equivalent in magnitude to the terrestrial sink deduced from fossil fuel emissions and land-use change sources minus ocean and atmospheric sinks, with tropical estimates having the largest uncertainties.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global fire emissions and the contribution of deforestation, savanna, forest, agricultural, and peat fires (1997-2009)
G. R. van der Werf,James T. Randerson,Louis Giglio,Louis Giglio,G. J. Collatz,Mingquan Mu,Prasad S. Kasibhatla,Douglas C. Morton,Ruth DeFries,Yufang Jin,T. T. van Leeuwen +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a revised version of the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford-Approach (CASA) biogeochemical model and improved satellite-derived estimates of area burned, fire activity, and plant productivity to calculate fire emissions for the 1997-2009 period on a 0.5° spatial resolution with a monthly time step.
Journal ArticleDOI
Habitat fragmentation and its lasting impact on Earth’s ecosystems
Nick M. Haddad,Lars A. Brudvig,Jean Clobert,Kendi F. Davies,Andrew Gonzalez,Robert D. Holt,Thomas E. Lovejoy,Joseph O. Sexton,Mike P. Austin,Cathy D. Collins,William M. Cook,Ellen I. Damschen,Robert M. Ewers,Bryan L. Foster,Clinton N. Jenkins,Andrew J. King,William F. Laurance,Douglas J. Levey,Chris Margules,Chris Margules,Brett A. Melbourne,A. O. Nicholls,A. O. Nicholls,John L. Orrock,Dan-Xia Song,John R. Townshend +25 more
TL;DR: An analysis of global forest cover is conducted to reveal that 70% of remaining forest is within 1 km of the forest’s edge, subject to the degrading effects of fragmentation, indicating an urgent need for conservation and restoration measures to improve landscape connectivity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Estimated carbon dioxide emissions from tropical deforestation improved by carbon-density maps
Alessandro Baccini,Scott J. Goetz,Wayne S. Walker,Nadine Laporte,M. Sun,Damien Sulla-Menashe,J. L. Hackler,Pieter S. A. Beck,Ralph Dubayah,Mark A. Friedl,Srikanta Samanta,Richard A. Houghton +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provided the most detailed estimate of the carbon density of vegetation and associated carbon dioxide emissions from deforestation for ecosystems across the tropics across the world, including tropical rainforests.