Journal ArticleDOI
Fire in the Earth System
David M. J. S. Bowman,Jennifer K. Balch,Jennifer K. Balch,Jennifer K. Balch,Paulo Artaxo,William J. Bond,Jean M. Carlson,Mark A. Cochrane,Carla M. D'Antonio,Ruth DeFries,John Doyle,Sandy P. Harrison,Fay H. Johnston,Jon E. Keeley,Jon E. Keeley,Meg A. Krawchuk,Christian A. Kull,J. Brad Marston,Max A. Moritz,I. Colin Prentice,Christopher I. Roos,Andrew C. Scott,Thomas W. Swetnam,Guido R. van der Werf,Stephen J. Pyne +24 more
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TLDR
What is known and what is needed to develop a holistic understanding of the role of fire in the Earth system are reviewed, particularly in view of the pervasive impact of fires and the likelihood that they will become increasingly difficult to control as climate changes.Abstract:
Fire is a worldwide phenomenon that appears in the geological record soon after the appearance of terrestrial plants. Fire influences global ecosystem patterns and processes, including vegetation distribution and structure, the carbon cycle, and climate. Although humans and fire have always coexisted, our capacity to manage fire remains imperfect and may become more difficult in the future as climate change alters fire regimes. This risk is difficult to assess, however, because fires are still poorly represented in global models. Here, we discuss some of the most important issues involved in developing a better understanding of the role of fire in the Earth system.read more
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A stochastic fire spread model for north Patagonia based on fire occurrence maps
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed an objective way to fit simple stochastic fire spread models based on readily available data from documented fire events (i.e., approximate ignition point, preexisting vegetation, final perimeter, topography, and average wind direction).
Journal ArticleDOI
Topographic position amplifies consequences of short-interval stand-replacing fires on postfire tree establishment in subalpine conifer forests
TL;DR: This article found that postfire tree regeneration is reduced when young forests reburn before recovering from previous fires or when drought occurs during postfire years in subalpine conifer forests of western North America.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of repeated fires on ecosystem C and N stocks along a fire induced forest/grassland gradient
Chih-Hsin Cheng,Yung-Sheng Chen,Yu-Hsuan Huang,Chyi-Rong Chiou,Chau-Chih Lin,Oleg V. Menyailo +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of repeated fires on ecosystem carbon and nitrogen stocks were examined along a fire-induced forest/grassland gradient wherein the fire events varied from an unburned forest to repeatedly burned grassland.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sustained Effects on Lung Function in Community Members Following Exposure to Hazardous PM2.5 Levels from Wildfire Smoke.
TL;DR: It is suggested that wildfire smoke can have long-lasting effects on human health and as wildfires continue to increase both here and globally, understanding the health implications is vital to understanding the respiratory impacts of these events as well as developing public health strategies to mitigate the effects.
Journal ArticleDOI
Charcoal remains from a tonstein layer in the Faxinal Coalfield, Lower Permian, southern Paraná Basin, Brazil
André Jasper,Dieter Uhl,Margot Guerra-Sommer,Abdalla Abu Hamad,Neli Teresinha Galarce Machado +4 more
TL;DR: Fossil charcoal has been discovered in the Faxinal Coalfield, Early Permian, Rio Bonito Formation, in the southernmost portion of the Parana Basin, Brazil as discussed by the authors.
References
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TL;DR: PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
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Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis Summary for Policymakers:
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Warming and Earlier Spring Increase Western U.S. Forest Wildfire Activity
Anthony L. Westerling,Anthony L. Westerling,Hugo G. Hidalgo,Daniel R. Cayan,Daniel R. Cayan,Thomas W. Swetnam +5 more
TL;DR: It is shown that large wildfire activity increased suddenly and markedly in the mid-1980s, with higher large-wildfire frequency, longer wildfire durations, and longer wildfire seasons.
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Forests and Climate Change: Forcings, Feedbacks, and the Climate Benefits of Forests
TL;DR: Interdisciplinary science that integrates knowledge of the many interacting climate services of forests with the impacts of global change is necessary to identify and understand as yet unexplored feedbacks in the Earth system and the potential of forests to mitigate climate change.