Journal ArticleDOI
Fire in the Earth System
David M. J. S. Bowman,Jennifer K. Balch,Jennifer K. Balch,Jennifer K. Balch,Paulo Artaxo,William J. Bond,Jean M. Carlson,Mark A. Cochrane,Carla M. D'Antonio,Ruth DeFries,John Doyle,Sandy P. Harrison,Fay H. Johnston,Jon E. Keeley,Jon E. Keeley,Meg A. Krawchuk,Christian A. Kull,J. Brad Marston,Max A. Moritz,I. Colin Prentice,Christopher I. Roos,Andrew C. Scott,Thomas W. Swetnam,Guido R. van der Werf,Stephen J. Pyne +24 more
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TLDR
What is known and what is needed to develop a holistic understanding of the role of fire in the Earth system are reviewed, particularly in view of the pervasive impact of fires and the likelihood that they will become increasingly difficult to control as climate changes.Abstract:
Fire is a worldwide phenomenon that appears in the geological record soon after the appearance of terrestrial plants. Fire influences global ecosystem patterns and processes, including vegetation distribution and structure, the carbon cycle, and climate. Although humans and fire have always coexisted, our capacity to manage fire remains imperfect and may become more difficult in the future as climate change alters fire regimes. This risk is difficult to assess, however, because fires are still poorly represented in global models. Here, we discuss some of the most important issues involved in developing a better understanding of the role of fire in the Earth system.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Environmental impacts of utility-scale solar energy
Rebecca R. Hernandez,Rebecca R. Hernandez,S. B. Easter,Michelle L. Murphy-Mariscal,Fernando T. Maestre,M Tavassoli,Edith B. Allen,Cameron W. Barrows,Jayne Belnap,Raúl Ochoa-Hueso,Sujith Ravi,Michael F. Allen +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review direct and indirect environmental impacts of utility-scale solar energy (USSE) development, including impacts on biodiversity, land-use and land-cover change, soils, water resources, and human health.
Book
Fire in Mediterranean Ecosystems: Ecology, Evolution and Management
TL;DR: In this article, the convergence of Mediterranean-type climate ecosystems and fire is discussed. But the authors focus on the management of Mediterranean landscapes, rather than the ecology of Mediterranean type ecosystems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Contribution of Semi-Arid Forests to the Climate System
Eyal Rotenberg,Dan Yakir +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report that a shift in peak photosynthetic activities from summer to early spring would, indeed, cause carbon accumulation by the forests, but that a suppression of reflected longwave radiation effect would complement the better-known (shortwave) albedo effect, doubling the amount of potential warming.
Journal ArticleDOI
Charcoal recognition, taphonomy and uses in palaeoenvironmental analysis
TL;DR: Charcoal, predominantly the product of wildfires, is abundant in many sedimentary rocks deposited in a wide range of environments, from terrestrial to marine, from marine to volcanic rocks as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Constraints on global fire activity vary across a resource gradient.
Meg A. Krawchuk,Max A. Moritz +1 more
TL;DR: Support is demonstrated for the varying constraints hypothesis, showing that, while key biophysical factors must coincide for wildfires to occur, the relative influence of resources to burn and moisture/weather conditions on fire activity shows predictable spatial patterns.
References
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TL;DR: PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
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Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis Summary for Policymakers:
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Warming and Earlier Spring Increase Western U.S. Forest Wildfire Activity
Anthony L. Westerling,Anthony L. Westerling,Hugo G. Hidalgo,Daniel R. Cayan,Daniel R. Cayan,Thomas W. Swetnam +5 more
TL;DR: It is shown that large wildfire activity increased suddenly and markedly in the mid-1980s, with higher large-wildfire frequency, longer wildfire durations, and longer wildfire seasons.
Journal ArticleDOI
Forests and Climate Change: Forcings, Feedbacks, and the Climate Benefits of Forests
TL;DR: Interdisciplinary science that integrates knowledge of the many interacting climate services of forests with the impacts of global change is necessary to identify and understand as yet unexplored feedbacks in the Earth system and the potential of forests to mitigate climate change.