Journal ArticleDOI
Fire in the Earth System
David M. J. S. Bowman,Jennifer K. Balch,Jennifer K. Balch,Jennifer K. Balch,Paulo Artaxo,William J. Bond,Jean M. Carlson,Mark A. Cochrane,Carla M. D'Antonio,Ruth DeFries,John Doyle,Sandy P. Harrison,Fay H. Johnston,Jon E. Keeley,Jon E. Keeley,Meg A. Krawchuk,Christian A. Kull,J. Brad Marston,Max A. Moritz,I. Colin Prentice,Christopher I. Roos,Andrew C. Scott,Thomas W. Swetnam,Guido R. van der Werf,Stephen J. Pyne +24 more
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TLDR
What is known and what is needed to develop a holistic understanding of the role of fire in the Earth system are reviewed, particularly in view of the pervasive impact of fires and the likelihood that they will become increasingly difficult to control as climate changes.Abstract:
Fire is a worldwide phenomenon that appears in the geological record soon after the appearance of terrestrial plants. Fire influences global ecosystem patterns and processes, including vegetation distribution and structure, the carbon cycle, and climate. Although humans and fire have always coexisted, our capacity to manage fire remains imperfect and may become more difficult in the future as climate change alters fire regimes. This risk is difficult to assess, however, because fires are still poorly represented in global models. Here, we discuss some of the most important issues involved in developing a better understanding of the role of fire in the Earth system.read more
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疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
TL;DR: PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
Journal ArticleDOI
New handbook for standardised measurement of plant functional traits worldwide
Natalia Pérez-Harguindeguy,Sandra Díaz,Eric Garnier,Sandra Lavorel,Hendrik Poorter,Pedro Jaureguiberry,M.S. Bret-Harte,William K. Cornwell,Joseph M. Craine,Diego E. Gurvich,Carlos Urcelay,Erik J. Veneklaas,Peter B. Reich,Lourens Poorter,Ian J. Wright,P. Ray,Lucas Enrico,Juli G. Pausas,A. C. de Vos,Nina Buchmann,Guillermo Funes,Fabien Quétier,Fabien Quétier,John G. Hodgson,Ken Thompson,H. D. Morgan,H. ter Steege,M.G.A. Van Der Heijden,Lawren Sack,Benjamin Blonder,Peter Poschlod,Maria Victoria Vaieretti,Georgina Conti,A. C. Staver,S. Aquino,Johannes H. C. Cornelissen +35 more
TL;DR: This new handbook has a better balance between whole-plant traits, leaf traits, root and stem traits and regenerative traits, and puts particular emphasis on traits important for predicting species’ effects on key ecosystem properties.
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Global fire emissions and the contribution of deforestation, savanna, forest, agricultural, and peat fires (1997-2009)
G. R. van der Werf,James T. Randerson,Louis Giglio,Louis Giglio,G. J. Collatz,Mingquan Mu,Prasad S. Kasibhatla,Douglas C. Morton,Ruth DeFries,Yufang Jin,T. T. van Leeuwen +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a revised version of the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford-Approach (CASA) biogeochemical model and improved satellite-derived estimates of area burned, fire activity, and plant productivity to calculate fire emissions for the 1997-2009 period on a 0.5° spatial resolution with a monthly time step.
Journal ArticleDOI
Implications of changing climate for global wildland fire
TL;DR: A review of the current understanding of what the future may bring with respect to wildland fire and future options for research and management is presented in this paper. But, as stated in the review, "wildland fire is a global phenomenon, and a result of interactions between climate, fuels, and people".
Journal ArticleDOI
Disturbance and landscape dynamics in a changing world
TL;DR: This paper synthesizes current understanding of disturbance with an emphasis on fundamental contributions to contemporary landscape and ecosystem ecology, then identifies future research priorities and addresses questions related to disturbances as catalysts of rapid ecological change.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Two fine‐resolution Pliocene charcoal records and their bearing on pre‐human fire frequency in south‐western Australia
TL;DR: In this paper, fine charcoal was observed in all samples examined, and was deposited at a rate of about 0.3-0.8 cm 2 cm -2 year -1 in Palaeolake Yallalie.
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Particulate emissions from fires in central Siberian Scots pine forests
Yuri N. Samsonov,Konstantin P Koutsenogii,V.I. Makarov,Andrey V Ivanov,V. A. Ivanov,D. J. McRae,Susan G. Conard,Stephen P Baker,Galina Ivanova +8 more
TL;DR: Siberian boreal forest fires burn large areas annually, resulting in smoke that releases large amounts of particulate emission into the atmosphere, and aerosol emissions from experimental fires on three Scots pine forest sites of central Siberia are sampled.
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Enhancement of the 1988 northern U.S. drought due to wildfires
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the role of wildfires in the development of drought and found that absorption of solar radiation by smoke particles weakens the North America trough in the middle latitudes, which is a major generator of precipitation in the Midwest.
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The Spatiotemporal Pattern of Fires in Northern Taiga Larch Forests of Central Siberia
TL;DR: The periodicity of fires in larch forests of Evenkia and their relationship with landscape elements have been studied in this article, where cross-sections with "burns" in them caused by past fires have been analyzed in 72 test plots; the fire chronology encompassed the period from the 15th to the 20th century.
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Fire in african savanna: testing the impact of incomplete combustion on pyrogenic emissions estimates
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented a detailed investment of the amount of unburned material remaining in the ash produced by African savannah fires, and examined whether this quantity needs to be considered when calculating atmospheric emissions.