Journal ArticleDOI
Fire in the Earth System
David M. J. S. Bowman,Jennifer K. Balch,Jennifer K. Balch,Jennifer K. Balch,Paulo Artaxo,William J. Bond,Jean M. Carlson,Mark A. Cochrane,Carla M. D'Antonio,Ruth DeFries,John Doyle,Sandy P. Harrison,Fay H. Johnston,Jon E. Keeley,Jon E. Keeley,Meg A. Krawchuk,Christian A. Kull,J. Brad Marston,Max A. Moritz,I. Colin Prentice,Christopher I. Roos,Andrew C. Scott,Thomas W. Swetnam,Guido R. van der Werf,Stephen J. Pyne +24 more
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TLDR
What is known and what is needed to develop a holistic understanding of the role of fire in the Earth system are reviewed, particularly in view of the pervasive impact of fires and the likelihood that they will become increasingly difficult to control as climate changes.Abstract:
Fire is a worldwide phenomenon that appears in the geological record soon after the appearance of terrestrial plants. Fire influences global ecosystem patterns and processes, including vegetation distribution and structure, the carbon cycle, and climate. Although humans and fire have always coexisted, our capacity to manage fire remains imperfect and may become more difficult in the future as climate change alters fire regimes. This risk is difficult to assess, however, because fires are still poorly represented in global models. Here, we discuss some of the most important issues involved in developing a better understanding of the role of fire in the Earth system.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of climate variability on savannah fire regimes in West Africa
Evelyne Touré N'Datchoh,Abdourahamane Konaré,Arona Diedhiou,Adama Diawara,Emmanuel Quansah,Paul Assamoi +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate at regional scale the variability in burned areas over the savannahs of West Africa and their links with the rainfall and the large-scale climatic indexes such as the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI), NAO and sea surface temperature gradient (SSTG).
Journal ArticleDOI
Incorrect interpretation of carbon mass balance biases global vegetation fire emission estimates.
Nicholas C. Surawski,Nicholas C. Surawski,Andrew L. Sullivan,Stephen H. Roxburgh,C.P. Mick Meyer,P. J. Polglase,P. J. Polglase +6 more
TL;DR: It is shown that applying the ‘consumed biomass' approach to global emissions from vegetation fires leads to annual overestimates of carbon emitted to the atmosphere by 4.0% or 100 Tg compared with the‘burnt carbon' approach, representing ∼9% of the net global forest carbon sink estimated annually.
Journal ArticleDOI
Drought: The most important physical stress of terrestrial ecosystems ☆
TL;DR: This paper reviewed the current evidence of the impacts of drought on terrestrial ecosystems, with particular emphasis on the ways in which drought alters the biological, biogeophysical and biogeochemical processes underlying the interaction between the biosphere and the atmosphere.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantifying Postfire Aeolian Sediment Transport Using Rare Earth Element Tracers
David Dukes,Howell B. Gonzales,Sujith Ravi,David E. Grandstaff,R. Scott Van Pelt,Junran Li,Guan Wang,Joel B. Sankey +7 more
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A wildfire origin for terrestrial organic debris in the Cretaceous Santana Formation Fossil Lagerstätte (Araripe Basin) of north-east Brazil
TL;DR: In this paper, isolated gymnosperm tracheids in acid-resistant residues from concretions of Romualdo Member of the Santana Formation are composed of fusain consistent with a wildfire origin, which is consistent with palaeoclimatic interpretations that indicate an arid hinterland for the Araripe Basin during the mid Cretaceous.
References
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TL;DR: PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
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Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis Summary for Policymakers:
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Warming and Earlier Spring Increase Western U.S. Forest Wildfire Activity
Anthony L. Westerling,Anthony L. Westerling,Hugo G. Hidalgo,Daniel R. Cayan,Daniel R. Cayan,Thomas W. Swetnam +5 more
TL;DR: It is shown that large wildfire activity increased suddenly and markedly in the mid-1980s, with higher large-wildfire frequency, longer wildfire durations, and longer wildfire seasons.
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Forests and Climate Change: Forcings, Feedbacks, and the Climate Benefits of Forests
TL;DR: Interdisciplinary science that integrates knowledge of the many interacting climate services of forests with the impacts of global change is necessary to identify and understand as yet unexplored feedbacks in the Earth system and the potential of forests to mitigate climate change.