Four‐Year Weight Losses in the Look AHEAD Study: Factors Associated With Long‐Term Success
Thomas A. Wadden,Rebecca H. Neiberg,Rena R. Wing,Jeanne M. Clark,Linda M. Delahanty,James O. Hill,Jonathan Krakoff,Amy D. Otto,Donna H. Ryan,Mara Z. Vitolins +9 more
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Results provide critical evidence that a comprehensive lifestyle intervention can induce clinically significant weight loss (i.e., ≥5%) in overweight/obese participants with type 2 diabetes and maintain this loss in more than 45% of patients at 4 years.Abstract:
This report provides a further analysis of the year 4 weight losses in the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) study and identifies factors associated with long-term success. A total of 5,145 overweight/obese men and women with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) or a usual care group, referred to as Diabetes Support and Education (DSE). ILI participants were provided approximately weekly group or individual treatment in year 1; continued but less frequent contact was provided in years 2-4. DSE participants received three group educational sessions in all years. As reported previously, at year 4, ILI participants lost an average of 4.7% of initial weight, compared with 1.1% for DSE (P < 0.0001). More ILI than DSE participants lost ≥ 5% (46% vs. 25%, P < 0.0001) and ≥ 10% (23% vs. 10%, P < 0.0001) of initial weight. Within the ILI, achievement of both the 5% and 10% categorical weight losses at year 4 was strongly related to meeting these goals at year 1. A total of 887 participants in ILI lost ≥ 10% at year 1, of whom 374 (42.2%) achieved this loss at year 4. Participants who maintained the loss, compared with those who did not, attended more treatment sessions and reported more favorable physical activity and food intake at year 4. These results provide critical evidence that a comprehensive lifestyle intervention can induce clinically significant weight loss (i.e., ≥ 5%) in overweight/obese participants with type 2 diabetes and maintain this loss in more than 45% of patients at 4 years.read more
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TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the available clinical trial and practice audit data regarding dietary approaches to remission of Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has been conducted, and the most significant predictor of remission is weight loss, and although euglycaemia may occur on a low carbohydrate diet without weight loss and may not meet some definitions of remission, but may rather constitute a'state of mitigation' of T2DM.
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TL;DR: The SLiM programme is an effective group intervention for the management of severe and complex obesity and its theoretical background, programme structure and preliminary results are presented.
References
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Reduction in Weight and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: One-Year Results of the Look AHEAD Trial
Mark A. Espeland,Xavier Pi-Sunyer,George L. Blackburn,Frederick L. Brancati,George A. Bray,Renee Bright,Jeanne M. Clark,Jeffrey M. Curtis,John P. Foreyt,Kathryn Graves,Steven M. Haffner,Barbara Harrison,James O. Hill,Edward S. Horton,John M. Jakicic,Robert W. Jeffery,Karen C. Johnson,Steven E. Kahn,David E. Kelley,Abbas E. Kitabchi,William C. Knowler,Cora E. Lewis,Barbara J. Maschak-Carey,Brenda Montgomery,David M. Nathan,Jennifer Patricio,Anne L. Peters,J. Bruce Redmon,Rebecca S. Reeves,Donna H. Ryan,Monika M. Safford,Brent Van Dorsten,Thomas A. Wadden,Lynne E. Wagenknecht,Jacqueline Wesche-Thobaben,Rena R. Wing,Susan Z. Yanovski +36 more
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