Journal ArticleDOI
Fully Digital Beamforming Receiver With a Real-Time Calibration for 5G Mobile Communication
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TLDR
This paper presents a fully digital beamforming receiver (FDBR) using a method that calibrates the signals of all chains in real time, and is targeted for 5G mobile communication.Abstract:
This paper presents a fully digital beamforming receiver (FDBR) using a method that calibrates the signals of all chains in real time, and is targeted for 5G mobile communication. In the real-time calibration method, the received signals of all chains are adjusted to correct the errors of phase and amplitude using the in-band signal other than operating frequency for calibration. The proposed FDBR with real-time calibration is designed and fabricated. The FDBR consists of eight chains of the tapered slot antenna (TSA) element, low noise block (LNB), and software defined radios (SDRs). The $1 \times 8$ array TSA with the directional coupler and the 1:8 divider is designed to send eight uniform calibration signals along with the received signal of all the chains. In SDR, the digital phase shifter and the real-time calibration blocks are implemented to realize digital beamforming. The digital phase shifter has an extremely high resolution of 0.72°. After using the real-time calibration method, the average of measured phase and amplitude error between each chain is less than 0.9° and 0.5 dB, respectively. To verify the beamforming performance of the FDBR, the simulation radiation pattern and the measurement radiation pattern are compared for 0°, ±15°, ±30°, and ±45° beam angles. The simulation results are in good agreement with the measured results. An excellent beamforming performance is achieved in the $1 \times 8$ array FDBR using the real-time calibration.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Role of Millimeter-Wave Technologies in 5G/6G Wireless Communications
Wei Hong,Zhi Hao Jiang,Chao Yu,Debin Hou,Haiming Wang,Chong Guo,Yun Hu,Le Kuai,Yingrui Yu,Zhengbo Jiang,Zhe Chen,Jixin Chen,Zhiqiang Yu,Jianfeng Zhai,Nianzu Zhang,Ling Tian,Fan Wu,Guangqi Yang,Zhang-Cheng Hao,Jian Yi Zhou +19 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the relevant millimeter-wave enabling technologies are reviewed: they include the recent developments on the system architectures of active beamforming arrays, beamforming integrated circuits, antennas for base stations and user terminals, system measurement and calibration, and channel characterization.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Survey of Millimeter-Wave Communication: Physical-Layer Technology Specifications and Enabling Transmission Technologies
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a comprehensive survey of the standardization of mmWave communication, the latest progress and outcomes of the research on mmWave communications technologies, and the emerging applications of mm-wave communication.
Journal ArticleDOI
Orthogonal Versus Zero-Forced Beamforming in Multibeam Antenna Systems: Review and Challenges for Future Wireless Networks
TL;DR: In this paper, the difference between orthogonality and zero-forced beamforming is highlighted, and the intriguing relation between ortho-onality, reciprocity and losses is recapitulated.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Self-Calibration Method for 5G Full-Digital TDD Beamforming Systems Using an Embedded Transmission Line
TL;DR: A self-calibration method for 5G full-digital time-division duplexing (TDD) beamforming systems is proposed and demonstrated, including the self-Calibration for both the transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) channels.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
14.7 An Adaptive Analog Temperature-Healing Low-Power 17.7-to-19.2GHz RX Front-End with ±0.005dB/°C Gain Variation, <1.6dB NF Variation, and <2.2dB IP1dB Variation across -15 to 85°C for Phased-Array Receiver
Li Min,Li Nayu,Gao Huiyan,Wang Shaogang,Zhang Zijiang,Peidi Chen,Ningjie Wei,Qun Jane Gu,Chunyi Song,Zhiwei Xu +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an adaptive analog temperature healing receiver front-end with ± 0.005 dB/^{circ}C$ gain variation from -15 to $85^{\circ}c$ environment temperature for a 17.7-to-19.2GHz phased array was presented.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Large-scale antenna systems with hybrid analog and digital beamforming for millimeter wave 5G
TL;DR: A reference signal design for the hybrid beamform structure is presented, which achieves better channel estimation performance than the method solely based on analog beamforming, and can be conveniently utilized to guide practical LSAS design for optimal energy/ spectrum efficiency trade-off.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Fully Integrated 16-Element Phased-Array Transmitter in SiGe BiCMOS for 60-GHz Communications
Arun Natarajan,Scott K. Reynolds,Ming-Da Tsai,Sean Nicolson,J.-H.C. Zhan,Dong Gun Kam,Duixian Liu,Yi-Hsin Huang,Alberto Valdes-Garcia,Brian Floyd +9 more
TL;DR: A fully-integrated 16-element 60-GHz phased-array receiver is implemented in IBM 0.12-μm SiGe BiCMOS technology and a detailed analysis of the noise trade-offs in the receiver array design is presented to motivate architectural choices.
Journal ArticleDOI
A 28-GHz 32-Element TRX Phased-Array IC With Concurrent Dual-Polarized Operation and Orthogonal Phase and Gain Control for 5G Communications
Bodhisatwa Sadhu,Yahya Tousi,Joakim Hallin,Stefan Sahl,Scott K. Reynolds,Orjan Renstrom,Kristoffer Sjogren,Olov Haapalahti,N. Mazor,Bo Bokinge,Gustaf Weibull,Hakan Bengtsson,Anders Carlinger,Eric Westesson,Jan-Erik Thillberg,Leonard Rexberg,Mark Yeck,Xiaoxiong Gu,Mark Ferriss,Duixian Liu,Daniel J. Friedman,Alberto Valdes-Garcia +21 more
TL;DR: This paper presents the first reported 28-GHz phased-array IC for 5G communications, implemented in 130-nm SiGe BiCMOS, which includes 32 TRX elements and features concurrent independent beams in two polarizations in either TX or RX operation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Millimeter-Wave 5G Antennas for Smartphones: Overview and Experimental Demonstration
TL;DR: The effectiveness, current limitations, and required future research areas regarding the presented millimeter-wave 5G antenna design technologies are studied using mmWave 5G system benchmarks.
Journal ArticleDOI
Investigations on the propagation characteristics of the substrate integrated waveguide based on the method of lines
TL;DR: In this paper, a full-wave approach based on the method of lines (MoL) is presented to analyse the propagation characteristics of substrate integrated waveguides (SIWs), in which a generalised matrix eigenvalue equation is derived instead of the conventional transcend equation, greatly improving the computing efficiency.