How Should Beta-Diversity Inform Biodiversity Conservation?
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TLDR
How beta-diversity is impacted by human activities, including farming, selective logging, urbanization, species invasions, overhunting, and climate change is reviewed.Abstract:
To design robust protected area networks, accurately measure species losses, or understand the processes that maintain species diversity, conservation science must consider the organization of biodiversity in space. Central is beta-diversity--the component of regional diversity that accumulates from compositional differences between local species assemblages. We review how beta-diversity is impacted by human activities, including farming, selective logging, urbanization, species invasions, overhunting, and climate change. Beta-diversity increases, decreases, or remains unchanged by these impacts, depending on the balance of processes that cause species composition to become more different (biotic heterogenization) or more similar (biotic homogenization) between sites. While maintaining high beta-diversity is not always a desirable conservation outcome, understanding beta-diversity is essential for protecting regional diversity and can directly assist conservation planning.read more
Citations
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Trade-offs between multifunctionality and profit in tropical smallholder landscapes
Ingo Grass,Ingo Grass,Christoph Kubitza,Christoph Kubitza,Vijesh V. Krishna,Marife D. Corre,Oliver Mußhoff,Peter Pütz,Jochen Drescher,Katja Rembold,Katja Rembold,Eka Sulpin Ariyanti,Andrew D. Barnes,Nicole Brinkmann,Ulrich Brose,Bernhard Brümmer,Damayanti Buchori,Rolf Daniel,Kevin Darras,Heiko Faust,Lutz Fehrmann,Jonas Hein,Nina Hennings,Purnama Hidayat,Dirk Hölscher,Malte Jochum,Malte Jochum,Alexander Knohl,Martyna M. Kotowska,Valentyna Krashevska,Holger Kreft,Christoph Leuschner,Neil Jun S. Lobite,Rawati Panjaitan,Andrea Polle,Anton M. Potapov,Anton M. Potapov,Edwine Setia Purnama,Matin Qaim,Alexander Röll,Stefan Scheu,Dominik Schneider,Aiyen Tjoa,Teja Tscharntke,Edzo Veldkamp,Meike Wollni +45 more
TL;DR: Landscape compositions that can mitigate trade-offs under optimal land-use allocation but also show that intensive monocultures always lead to higher profits are identified, suggesting that targeted landscape planning is needed to increase land- use efficiency while ensuring socio-ecological sustainability.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biodiversity change is uncoupled from species richness trends: Consequences for conservation and monitoring
Helmut Hillebrand,Bernd Blasius,Elizabeth T. Borer,Jonathan M. Chase,Jonathan M. Chase,John A. Downing,Britas Klemens Eriksson,Christopher T. Filstrup,W. Stanley Harpole,W. Stanley Harpole,Dorothee Hodapp,Stefano Larsen,Aleksandra M. Lewandowska,Eric W. Seabloom,Dedmer B. Van de Waal,Alexey B. Ryabov +15 more
TL;DR: It is shown how a set of species turnover indices provide more information content regarding temporal trends in biodiversity, as they reflect how dominance and identity shift in communities over time, and several limitations of species richness as a metric of biodiversity change are summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
β-Diversity, Community Assembly, and Ecosystem Functioning
TL;DR: It is highlighted here the crucial role of β-diversity - a hitherto underexplored facet of biodiversity - for a better process-level understanding of biodiversity change and its consequences for ecosystems.
Journal ArticleDOI
A meta-analysis of nestedness and turnover components of beta diversity across organisms and ecosystems
TL;DR: Examination of species traits, spatial extent, latitude and ecosystem type on the nestedness and turnover components of beta diversity provides evidence that species turnover, being consistently the larger component of total beta diversity, and nestedness are related to the latitude of the study area and intrinsic organismal features.
Journal ArticleDOI
Widespread winners and narrow-ranged losers: Land use homogenizes biodiversity in local assemblages worldwide.
Tim Newbold,Lawrence N. Hudson,Sara Contu,Samantha L. L. Hill,Samantha L. L. Hill,Jan Beck,Yunhui Liu,Carsten Meyer,Helen Phillips,Helen Phillips,Jörn P. W. Scharlemann,Jörn P. W. Scharlemann,Andy Purvis,Andy Purvis +13 more
TL;DR: A large, global database is analysed to show consistent differences in assemblage composition and it is found that human land use is homogenizing assemblages composition across space.
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