Human proximity suppresses fish recruitment by altering mangrove-associated odour cues
Rohan M. Brooker,Angelia L. Seyfferth,Alesia Hunter,Jennifer M. Sneed,Danielle L. Dixson,Mark E. Hay +5 more
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Human use of coastal areas alters natural chemical cues, negatively affecting the behavioural responses of larval fishes and potentially suppressing recruitment, which highlights the critical links that exist between marine and terrestrial habitats.Abstract:
Human-driven threats to coastal marine communities could potentially affect chemically mediated behaviours that have evolved to facilitate crucial ecological processes. Chemical cues and their importance remain inadequately understood in marine systems, but cues from coastal vegetation can provide sensory information guiding aquatic animals to key resources or habitats. In the tropics, mangroves are a ubiquitous component of healthy coastal ecosystems, associated with a range of habitats from river mouths to coral reefs. Because mangrove leaf litter is a predictable cue to coastal habitats, chemical information from mangrove leaves could provide a source of settlement cues for coastal fishes, drawing larvae towards shallow benthic habitats or inducing settlement. In choice assays, juvenile fishes from the Caribbean (Belize) and Indo-Pacific (Fiji) were attracted to cues from mangroves leaves and were more attracted to cues from mangroves distant from human settlement. In the field, experimental reefs supplemented with mangrove leaves grown away from humans attracted more fish recruits from a greater diversity of species than reefs supplemented with leaves grown near humans. Together, this suggests that human use of coastal areas alters natural chemical cues, negatively affecting the behavioural responses of larval fishes and potentially suppressing recruitment. Overall, our findings highlight the critical links that exist between marine and terrestrial habitats, and the importance of considering these in the broader conservation and management of coastal ecosystems.read more
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A graph-theory approach to optimisation of an acoustic absorber targeting a specific noise spectrum that approaches the causal optimum minimum depth
TL;DR: In this article, a graph theory method is applied to a type of acoustic absorber structure named SeMSA (Segmented Membrane Sound Absorber) which had previously been investigated for a two-segment cell design.
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Chemical cues affecting recruitment and juvenile habitat selection in marine versus freshwater systems
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of chemical mediated recruitment in marine versus freshwater systems is presented, summarizing what is known and suggesting unknowns that may be productive to investigate, while chemical cuing of recruitment occurs primarily among the larval stages of the numerous fishes and marine invertebrates investigated to date.
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Historical Maps provide insight into a century and a half of habitat change in Fijian coasts.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared a series of historical navigational charts to explore how different histories of land use and development influenced coastal ecosystems in two Fijian cities (Suva and Savusavu), and found that, despite increasing urbanization in the capital Suva, available coral reef habitat has not significantly changed in over 150 years, but development has hastened a nearly 50% loss of mangroves.
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Global Consequences of Land Use
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Global Biodiversity: Indicators of Recent Declines
Stuart H. M. Butchart,Stuart H. M. Butchart,Matt Walpole,Ben Collen,Arco J. van Strien,Jörn P. W. Scharlemann,Rosamunde E. A. Almond,Jonathan E. M. Baillie,Bastian Bomhard,Ciaire Brown,John F. Bruno,Kent E. Carpenter,Geneviève M. Carr,Janice Chanson,Anna M. Chenery,Jorge Csirke,Nick C. Davidson,Frank Dentener,Matthew N. Foster,Alessandro Galli,James N. Galloway,Piero Genovesi,Richard D. Gregory,Marc Hockings,Valerie Kapos,Valerie Kapos,Jean-Francois Lamarque,Fiona Leverington,Jonathan Loh,Melodie A. McGeoch,Louise McRae,Anahit Minasyan,Monica Hernández Morcillo,Thomasina E.E. Oldfield,Daniel Pauly,Suhel Quader,Carmen Revenga,John R. Sauer,Benjamin Skolnik,Dian Spear,Damon Stanwell-Smith,Simon N. Stuart,Andy Symes,Megan Tierney,Tristan D. Tyrrell,Jean Christophe Vié,Reg Watson +46 more
TL;DR: Most indicators of the state of biodiversity showed declines, with no significant recent reductions in rate, whereas indicators of pressures on biodiversity showed increases, indicating that the Convention on Biological Diversity’s 2010 targets have not been met.