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Journal ArticleDOI

Improving enzymes by using them in organic solvents

Alexander M. Klibanov
- 11 Jan 2001 - 
- Vol. 409, Iss: 6817, pp 241-246
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TLDR
The technological utility of enzymes can be enhanced greatly by using them in organic solvents rather than their natural aqueous reaction media, and they have found numerous potential applications, some of which are already commercialized.
Abstract
The technological utility of enzymes can be enhanced greatly by using them in organic solvents rather than their natural aqueous reaction media. Studies over the past 15 years have revealed not only that this change in solvent is feasible, but also that in such seemingly hostile environments enzymes can catalyse reactions impossible in water, become more stable, and exhibit new behaviour such as 'molecular memory'. Of particular importance has been the discovery that enzymatic selectivity, including substrate, stereo-, regio- and chemoselectivity, can be markedly affected, and sometimes even inverted, by the solvent. Enzyme-catalysed reactions in organic solvents, and even in supercritical fluids and the gas phase, have found numerous potential applications, some of which are already commercialized.

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Journal ArticleDOI

A novel control of enzymatic enantioselectivity through the racemic temperature influenced by reaction media.

TL;DR: An effective approach to the control of the enzymatic enantioselectivity and the prediction of the increasing tendency was developed based on the T(r) influenced by reaction media.
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Circular dichroism and UV resonance Raman study of the impact of alcohols on the Gibbs free energy landscape of an α-helical peptide

TL;DR: This work used CD and UV resonance Raman spectroscopy to study the impact of alcohols on the conformational equilibria and relative Gibbs free energy landscapes along the Ramachandran Psi-coordinate of a mainly poly-Ala peptide with an AAAAA(AAARA)(3)A sequence and found that while TFE induces more alpha-helices, it favors multiple, shorter helix segments.
Journal ArticleDOI

Hemoglobin: A New Biocatalyst for the Synthesis of 2‐substituted Benzoxazoles via Oxidative Cyclization

TL;DR: Efficient and mild synthesis of a series of 2‐substituted benzoxazoles via oxidative cyclization catalyzed by hemoglobins reported here for the first time.
Journal ArticleDOI

Synergy between chemo- and bio-catalysts in multi-step transformations

TL;DR: In this article, the authors combined a lipase catalyzed amidation with palladium catalyzed coupling reactions, simultaneously carried out on the same molecule, and found that the bio-and chemo-catalyzed processes show synergistic behavior, highlighting the complexity of multi-catalyst systems.
References
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Structure and Mechanism in Protein Science : a guide to enzyme catalysis and protein folding

TL;DR: The three-dimensional structure of proteins chemical catalysis, kinetics measurement and magnitude of enzymatic rate constants, and the use of binding energy in catalysis specificity and editing mechanisms are studied.
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