Large-Scale Arabidopsis Phosphoproteome Profiling Reveals Novel Chloroplast Kinase Substrates and Phosphorylation Networks
Sonja Reiland,Gaëlle Messerli,Katja Baerenfaller,Bertran Gerrits,Anne Endler,Anne Endler,Jonas Grossmann,Wilhelm Gruissem,Sacha Baginsky +8 more
TLDR
The phosphoproteome of Arabidopsis seedlings is characterized using high-accuracy mass spectrometry and it is proposed that ATP synthase is regulated in cooperation with 14-3-3 proteins by CKII-mediated phosphorylation of ATP synthases β-subunit in the dark.Abstract:
We have characterized the phosphoproteome of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings using high-accuracy mass spectrometry and report the identification of 1,429 phosphoproteins and 3,029 unique phosphopeptides. Among these, 174 proteins were chloroplast phosphoproteins. Motif-X (motif extractor) analysis of the phosphorylation sites in chloroplast proteins identified four significantly enriched kinase motifs, which include casein kinase II (CKII) and proline-directed kinase motifs, as well as two new motifs at the carboxyl terminus of ribosomal proteins. Using the phosphorylation motifs as a footprint for the activity of a specific kinase class, we connected the phosphoproteins with their putative kinases and constructed a chloroplast CKII phosphorylation network. The network topology suggests that CKII is a central regulator of different chloroplast functions. To provide insights into the dynamic regulation of protein phosphorylation, we analyzed the phosphoproteome at the end of day and end of night. The results revealed only minor changes in chloroplast kinase activities and phosphorylation site utilization. A notable exception was ATP synthase β-subunit, which is found phosphorylated at CKII phosphorylation sites preferentially in the dark. We propose that ATP synthase is regulated in cooperation with 14-3-3 proteins by CKII-mediated phosphorylation of ATP synthase β-subunit in the dark.read more
Citations
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Plant proteome changes under abiotic stress--contribution of proteomics studies to understanding plant stress response
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Proline Metabolism and Its Implications for Plant-Environment Interaction
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TL;DR: Use of model systems such as Arabidopsis thaliana to better understand both these long studied and newly emerging functions of proline can help in the design of next-generation experiments testing whether proline metabolism is a promising metabolic engineering target for improving stress resistance of economically important plants.
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Photosynthetic control of electron transport and the regulation of gene expression
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