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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Loss of iron triggers PINK1/Parkin‐independent mitophagy

George F. G. Allen, +3 more
- 01 Dec 2013 - 
- Vol. 14, Iss: 12, pp 1127-1135
TLDR
A mitophagy pathway is identified and characterized, the induction of which could prove beneficial as a potential therapy for several neurodegenerative diseases in which mitochondrial clearance is advantageous.
Abstract
In this study, we develop a simple assay to identify mitophagy inducers on the basis of the use of fluorescently tagged mitochondria that undergo a colour change on lysosomal delivery. Using this assay, we identify iron chelators as a family of compounds that generate a strong mitophagy response. Iron chelation-induced mitophagy requires that cells undergo glycolysis, but does not require PINK1 stabilization or Parkin activation, and occurs in primary human fibroblasts as well as those isolated from a Parkinson's patient with Parkin mutations. Thus, we have identified and characterized a mitophagy pathway, the induction of which could prove beneficial as a potential therapy for several neurodegenerative diseases in which mitochondrial clearance is advantageous.

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Citations
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FBXL4 suppresses mitophagy by restricting the accumulation of NIX and BNIP3 mitophagy receptors

TL;DR: In this article , the authors showed that SCF FBXL4, an SKP1/CUL1/F-box protein ubiquitin ligase complex, localizes to the mitochondrial outer membrane in unstressed cells and mediates the constitutive ubiquitylation and degradation of the mitophagy receptors NIX and BNIP3 to suppress basal levels of mitochondophagy.
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Host cell egress of Brucella abortus requires BNIP3L‐mediated mitophagy

TL;DR: In this article , the authors showed that B. abortus triggers substantive mitochondrial network fragmentation, accompanied by mitophagy and the formation of mitochondrial Brucella-containing vacuoles during the late stages of cellular infection.
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NCLX prevents cell death during adrenergic activation of the brown adipose tissue

TL;DR: It is shown that mitochondrial Ca2+ overload induced by adrenergic stimulation of NCLX-null BAT, triggers the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), leading to remarkable mitochondrial swelling, Cytochrome c release and cell death in BAT.
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Iron out, mitophagy in! A way to slow down hepatocellular carcinoma

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that induction of mitophagy via iron depletion suppresses the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and this work suggests turning upMitophagy as a potential therapeutic strategy against liver cancer.
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PINK1-Dependent Mitophagy Inhibits Elevated Ubiquitin Phosphorylation Caused by Mitochondrial Damage

TL;DR: In this paper , N6-substituted adenosines, such as N6-(2-furanylmethyl)adenosine (known as kinetin riboside) and N6benzyladenoine, were shown to activate PTEN-induced kinase 1 in HeLa cells and induce PINK1-dependent mitophagy in primary mouse fibroblasts.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Parkin is recruited selectively to impaired mitochondria and promotes their autophagy

TL;DR: It is shown that Parkin is selectively recruited to dysfunctional mitochondria with low membrane potential in mammalian cells and this recruitment promotes autophagy of damaged mitochondria and implicate a failure to eliminate dysfunctional mitochondira in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
Journal ArticleDOI

Sulforhodamine B colorimetric assay for cytotoxicity screening

TL;DR: The sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay is used for cell density determination, based on the measurement of cellular protein content, which is an efficient and highly cost-effective method for screening.
Journal ArticleDOI

Mitochondria: In Sickness and in Health

TL;DR: This work provides a current view of how mitochondrial functions impinge on health and disease and identifies mitochondrial dysfunction as a key factor in a myriad of diseases, including neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI

Dissection of the Autophagosome Maturation Process by a Novel Reporter Protein, Tandem Fluorescent-Tagged LC3

TL;DR: Using this method, evidence that overexpression of a dominant negative form of Rab7 prevented the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes is provided, suggesting that Rab7 is involved in this step.
Journal ArticleDOI

Reactive oxygen species are essential for autophagy and specifically regulate the activity of Atg4

TL;DR: The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as signaling molecules in starvation‐induced autophagy is described and a cysteine residue located near the HsAtg4 catalytic site is specified as a critical for this regulation.
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