Journal ArticleDOI
Medical Imaging of Microrobots: Toward In Vivo Applications.
Azaam Aziz,Stefano Pane,Veronica Iacovacci,Nektarios Koukourakis,Jürgen Czarske,Arianna Menciassi,Mariana Medina-Sánchez,Oliver G. Schmidt,Oliver G. Schmidt +8 more
TLDR
This review aims at analyzing the state of the art of microrobots imaging by critically discussing the potentialities and limitations of the techniques employed in this field and highlighting the existing challenges and perspective solutions which could be promising for future in vivo applications.Abstract:
Medical microrobots (MRs) have been demonstrated for a variety of non-invasive biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, drug delivery, and assisted fertilization, among others. However, most of these demonstrations have been carried out in in vitro settings and under optical microscopy, being significantly different from the clinical practice. Thus, medical imaging techniques are required for localizing and tracking such tiny therapeutic machines when used in medical-relevant applications. This review aims at analyzing the state of the art of microrobots imaging by critically discussing the potentialities and limitations of the techniques employed in this field. Moreover, the physics and the working principle behind each analyzed imaging strategy, the spatiotemporal resolution, and the penetration depth are thoroughly discussed. The paper deals with the suitability of each imaging technique for tracking single or swarms of MRs and discusses the scenarios where contrast or imaging agent's inclusion is required, either to absorb, emit, or reflect a determined physical signal detected by an external system. Finally, the review highlights the existing challenges and perspective solutions which could be promising for future in vivo applications.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Magnetically Driven Micro and Nanorobots
TL;DR: MagRobots as discussed by the authors introduce fundamental concepts and advantages of magnetic micro/nanorobots as well as basic knowledge of magnetic fields and magnetic materials, setups for magnetic manipulation, magnetic field configurations, and symmetry-breaking strategies for effective movement.
Journal ArticleDOI
Engineering microrobots for targeted cancer therapies from a medical perspective
TL;DR: How different microrobots, ranging from tailor-made motile bacteria and tiny bubble-propelled microengines to hybrid spermbots, can be engineered to integrate sophisticated features optimised for precision-targeting of a wide range of cancers are highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ultrasound Doppler-guided real-time navigation of a magnetic microswarm for active endovascular delivery.
Qianqian Wang,Kai Fung Chan,Kathrin Schweizer,Kathrin Schweizer,Xingzhou Du,Dongdong Jin,Simon C.H. Yu,Bradley J. Nelson,Li Zhang,Li Zhang +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, a magnetic microswarm was formed and navigated near the boundary of vessels, where the reduced drag of blood flow and strong interactions between nanoparticles enable upstream and downstream navigation in flowing blood (mean velocity up to 40.8 mm/s).
Journal ArticleDOI
External Power-Driven Microrobotic Swarm: From Fundamental Understanding to Imaging-Guided Delivery.
Qianqian Wang,Li Zhang +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarize the recent research efforts on investigating collective behaviors of external power-driven micro/nanorobots, including the fundamental understanding of swarm formation, navigation, and pattern transformation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Artificial Intelligence in Medical Sensors for Clinical Decisions
Hossam Haick,Ning Tang +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a brief overview on the integration of nanotechnology-based medical sensors and artificial intelligence (AI) for advanced clinical decision support systems to help decision-makers and healthcare systems improve how they approach information, insights, and the surrounding contexts, as well as to promote the uptake of personalized medicine on an individualized basis.
References
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Eric A. Swanson,J. Izatt,M. Bee,David Huang,Charles P. Lin,Carmen A. Puliafito,Carmen A. Puliafito,James G. Fujimoto +7 more
TL;DR: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has developed rapidly since its first realisation in medicine and is currently an emerging technology in the diagnosis of skin disease as mentioned in this paper, where OCT is an interferometric technique that detects reflected and backscattered light from tissue.
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Journal ArticleDOI
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