Medicinal and therapeutic potential of withanolides from Withania somnifera against COVID-19
TLDR
A review highlights the medicinal and therapeutic potential of withanolides against COVID-19 and identifies WFA as one of the most interesting naturally occurring bioactive compounds that possess potent anti-tumorigenic, antiinflammatory, pro-apoptotic, anti-angiogenic, and anti-invasive activities.Abstract:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiological agent of the potentially fatal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has currently affected over 87 million people with worldwide deaths nearing 1 9 million Amidst the developing vaccines and effective therapies, there is a need to develop alternative and supportive strategies for ameliorating the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infections in humans and treat COVID-19 patients Several medicinal plants and herbs contain useful phytochemicals, which are being explored to develop medicines and drugs to counter the COVID-19 pandemic Withania somnifera is a medicinal herb of growing importance that is extensively utilized in Ayurveda The medicinal attributes of W somnifera are owing to a broad range of bioactive secondary metabolites including steroidal lactones [withanone, withanolide D, withanolide A, and withaferin A (WFA)] Among these, WFA is one of the most interesting naturally occurring bioactive compounds that possess potent anti-tumorigenic, antiinflammatory, pro-apoptotic, anti-angiogenic, and anti-invasive activities It might bind to SARS-CoV-2 S protein and alter the S protein, thereby hindering its access into the host cells Withanone and Withanoside V can impede the functional activities of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) Withanolides have been found to control cytokine secretions during infection and could alleviate the cytokine storm in the lungs The combined use of withanolides are several other drugs or therapeutic modalities, such as hydroxychloroquine and dexamethasone, has been demonstrated as an efficient strategy to improve the effectiveness of standard chemotherapy or design a robust therapeutic regime for COVID-19 treatment Nevertheless, exhaustive research efforts are required to explore the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory potentialities of withanolides for alleviating the severity of the disease during SARS-CoV-2 infections This review highlights the medicinal and therapeutic potential of withanolides against COVID-19 © 2021 Manish Dhawan et al This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4 0 International License (https://creativecommons org/licenses/by/4 0/)read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of Inflammatory Cytokines in COVID-19 Patients: A Review on Molecular Mechanisms, Immune Functions, Immunopathology and Immunomodulatory Drugs to Counter Cytokine Storm
Ali A. Rabaan,Shamsah H. Al-Ahmed,Javed Muhammad,Amjad Khan,Anupam A Sule,Raghavendra Tirupathi,Abbas Al Mutair,Saad Alhumaid,Awad Al-Omari,Manish Dhawan,Ruchi Tiwari,Khan Sharun,Ranjan K. Mohapatra,Saikat Mitra,Muhammad Bilal,Salem A. Alyami,Talha Bin Emran,Mohammad Ali Moni,Kuldeep Dhama +18 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Diverse Immunological Factors Influencing Pathogenesis in Patients with COVID-19: A Review on Viral Dissemination, Immunotherapeutic Options to Counter Cytokine Storm and Inflammatory Responses
Ali A. Rabaan,Shamsah H. Al-Ahmed,Mohammed A. Garout,Ayman M. Al-Qaaneh,Anupam A Sule,Raghavendra Tirupathi,Abbas Al Mutair,Saad Alhumaid,Abdulkarim Hasan,Manish Dhawan,Ruchi Tiwari,Khan Sharun,Ranjan K. Mohapatra,Saikat Mitra,Talha Bin Emran,Muhammad Bilal,Rajendra Singh,Salem A. Alyami,Mohammad Ali Moni,Kuldeep Dhama +19 more
TL;DR: In this article, a review explains the interrelationships of hyper-inflammatory response or cytokine storm with organ damage and the disease severity and the authors have thrown light on the diverse mechanisms and risk factors that influence pathogenesis and the molecular pathways that lead to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and multiple organ damage.
A novel 2019: Coronavirus
TL;DR: This review summarizes both classical and contemporary discoveries in the study of the molecular biology of these infectious agents, with particular emphasis on the nature and recognition of viral receptors, viral RNA synthesis, and the molecular interactions governing viral assembly.
Journal Article
Medicinal Plants as Sources of Active Molecules Against COVID-19. LID - 1189
B. Benarba,A. Pandiella +1 more
TL;DR: Benarba et al. as mentioned in this paper reviewed the recent findings regarding the use of natural products to prevent or treat COVID-19 infection and discussed mechanisms responsible for this preventive or therapeutic effect.
Withaferin A: a potential therapeutic agent against COVID-19 infection
Alex R. Straughn,Sham S. Kakar +1 more
TL;DR: WFA demonstrates real potential as a therapeutic agent to treat or prevent the spread of COVID-19 due to the reported interference in viral S-protein to host receptor binding and its lack of effect on ACE2 expression in the lungs.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China
Chaolin Huang,Yeming Wang,Xingwang Li,Lili Ren,Jianping Zhao,Yi Hu,Li Zhang,Guohui Fan,Jiuyang Xu,Xiaoying Gu,Zhenshun Cheng,Ting Yu,Jia'an Xia,Yuan Wei,Wenjuan Wu,Xuelei Xie,Wen Yin,Li Hui,Min Liu,Yan Xiao,Hong Gao,Li Guo,Jungang Xie,Guang-Fa Wang,Rongmeng Jiang,Zhancheng Gao,Qi Jin,Jianwei Wang,Bin Cao +28 more
TL;DR: The epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics and treatment and clinical outcomes of patients with laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection in Wuhan, China, were reported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor.
Jun Lan,Jiwan Ge,Jinfang Yu,Sisi Shan,Huan Zhou,Shilong Fan,Qi Zhang,Xuanling Shi,Qisheng Wang,Linqi Zhang,Xinquan Wang +10 more
TL;DR: High-resolution crystal structures of the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS -CoV in complex with ACE2 provide insights into the binding mode of these coronaviruses and highlight essential ACE2-interacting residues.
Journal ArticleDOI
Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China.
TL;DR: This study conducted a retrospective multicenter study of 68 death cases and 82 discharged cases with laboratory-confirmed infection of SARS-CoV-2 and confirmed that some patients died of fulminant myocarditis, which is characterized by a rapid progress and a severe state of illness.
Journal ArticleDOI
The trinity of COVID-19: immunity, inflammation and intervention.
Matthew Zirui Tay,Chek Meng Poh,Laurent Rénia,Laurent Rénia,Paul A. MacAry,Lisa F. P. Ng,Lisa F. P. Ng,Lisa F. P. Ng +7 more
TL;DR: The interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with the immune system and the subsequent contribution of dysfunctional immune responses to disease progression is described and the implications of these approaches for potential therapeutic interventions that target viral infection and/or immunoregulation are highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2.
Jian Shang,Gang Ye,Ke Shi,Yushun Wan,Chuming Luo,Hideki Aihara,Qibin Geng,Ashley Auerbach,Fang Li +8 more
TL;DR: This study determines the crystal structure of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 (engineered to facilitate crystallization) in complex with ACE2 and sheds light on the structural features that increase its binding affinity to ACE2.