Journal ArticleDOI
Monoamine metabolites in CSF and suicidal behavior.
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TLDR
A follow-up study revealed a 20% mortality by suicide within a year after lumbar puncture in patients with a CSF-HIAA level below the median, which was lower than normal in suicidal patients who were not diagnosed as depressed at the time of lumbr puncture.Abstract:
• Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of the monoamine metabolites 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), homovanillic acid (HVA), and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl glycol (MHPG) were measured in 30 psychiatric patients who had attempted suicide and 45 healthy volunteers. The suicide attempters had a significantly lower CSF 5-HIAA level than the controls, especially those who had made more violent attempts. After adjustment for differences in body height and age between controls and patients, the difference in 5-HIAA level became even more marked. Concentrations of 5-HIAA also were lower than normal in suicidal patients who were not diagnosed as depressed at the time of lumbar puncture, while HVA levels were lowered only in the depressives. A follow-up study of these and 89 more patients (depressed and/or suicidal) revealed a 20% mortality by suicide within a year after lumbar puncture in patients with a CSF 5-HIAA level below the median.read more
Citations
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Suicidal behavior: Risk and protective factors.
TL;DR: In a recent study, this paper found that approximately one million people worldwide die from suicide every year and that high risk populations include active military, adolescents, the elderly and high income groups.
Journal ArticleDOI
Psychiatric diagnosis, gender, aggression, and mode of attempt in patients with single versus repeated suicide attempts.
Athanasia Papadopoulou,Vasiliki Efstathiou,Christos Christodoulou,Rossetos Gournellis,Charalabos Papageorgiou,Athanassios Douzenis,Manolis Markianos +6 more
TL;DR: Psychiatric diagnosis, gender and attempt mode are features that differentiate patients with single and repeated attempts and should be considered to identify patients at increased risk to repeat attempt and design effective prevention interventions.
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Moral judgments by alleged sociopaths as a means for coping with problems of definition and identification in Mealey's model
TL;DR: In this article, moral judgments by those labeled primary and secondary sociopaths may offer a way to validate the assumptions of the integrated evolutionary model of sociopathy, which is suggested by Schoenfeld's criticism of the field of race differences in intelligence.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genes, hormones, and gender in sociopathy
TL;DR: Although serotonin, testosterone, and genes contribute to sociopathy, the relationships are probably indirect and subject to modifiers (e.g., present under certain conditions of rearing and temperament).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change.
Stuart Montgomery,Marie Åsberg +1 more
TL;DR: The construction of a depression rating scale designed to be particularly sensitive to treatment effects is described, and its capacity to differentiate between responders and non-responders to antidepressant treatment was better than the HRS, indicating greater sensitivity to change.
Journal ArticleDOI
5-HIAA in the Cerebrospinal Fluid: A Biochemical Suicide Predictor?
TL;DR: Patients in the low 5-HIAA mode (below 15 ng/ml) attempted suicide significantly more often than those in the high mode, and they used more violent means.
Journal ArticleDOI
A comprehensive psychopathological rating scale.
TL;DR: An interdisciplinary group of 15 psychiatrists, psychologists and clinical pharmacologists was formed under the auspices of the Swedish Medical Research Council to study the problem of evaluating change in psychiatric disorders with treatment and decided to construct a new scale covering psychopathological variables likely to be changed by treatment.