Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Affecting Cardiovascular Health in Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases.
Manovriti Thakur,Bryce R. Evans,Marc Schindewolf,Iris Baumgartner,Yvonne Döring,Yvonne Döring +5 more
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TLDR
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are web-like structures of decondensed extracellular chromatin fibers and neutrophil granule proteins released by neutrophils.Abstract:
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are web-like structures of decondensed extracellular chromatin fibers and neutrophil granule proteins released by neutrophils. NETs participate in host immune defense by entrapping pathogens. They are pro-inflammatory in function, and they act as an initiator of vascular coagulopathies by providing a platform for the attachment of various coagulatory proteins. NETs are diverse in their ability to alter physiological and pathological processes including infection and inflammation. In this review, we will summarize recent findings on the role of NETs in bacterial/viral infections associated with vascular inflammation, thrombosis, atherosclerosis and autoimmune disorders. Understanding the complex role of NETs in bridging infection and chronic inflammation as well as discussing important questions related to their contribution to pathologies outlined above may pave the way for future research on therapeutic targeting of NETs applicable to specific infections and inflammatory disorders.read more
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References
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NETosis-associated serum biomarkers are reduced in type 1 diabetes in association with neutrophil count.
TL;DR: The levels of these serum markers do not support a role for systemically elevated NETosis in the T1D population the authors studied, and a modest reduction in these markers may reflect other important aspects of disease activity associated with reduced neutrophil numbers.
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Autoimmune Addison's disease - An update on pathogenesis.
TL;DR: The complex interplay between the immune system and the adrenal cortex is summarized and unanswered questions and gaps in the current understanding of the disease are highlighted.
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Influenza and atherosclerosis: vaccination for cardiovascular disease prevention.
TL;DR: Although influenza vaccination is an extremely cost-effective method of cardiovascular protection and is recommended for all patients with cardiac diseases, it is largely underused in patients with coronary heart disease.
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Exosomal MALAT1 derived from ox-LDL-treated endothelial cells induce neutrophil extracellular traps to aggravate atherosclerosis.
TL;DR: It is shown that MALAT1 expression was increased in exosomes extracted from oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), which initiated NETs formation, which in turn deteriorated AS.
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Cathepsin G activity lowers plasma LDL and reduces atherosclerosis
Jing Wang,Sara Sjöberg,Tingting Tang,Katariina Öörni,Wenxue Wu,Cong-Lin Liu,Blandine Secco,Viviane Tia,Galina K. Sukhova,Cleverson Rodrigues Fernandes,Adam Lesner,Petri T. Kovanen,Peter Libby,Xiang Cheng,Guo-Ping Shi +14 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that CatG promotes early atherogenesis through its elastinolytic activity, but suppresses late progression of atherosclerosis by degrading LDL without affecting HDL or triglycerides.