Journal ArticleDOI
Onset of spring starting earlier across the Northern Hemisphere
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TLDR
In this paper, a suite of modeled and derived measures (produced from daily maximum-minimum temperatures) linking plant development (phenology) with its basic climatic drivers provide a reliable and spatially extensive method for monitoring general impacts of global warming on the start of the growing season.Abstract:
Recent warming of Northern Hemisphere (NH) land is well documented and typically greater in winter/spring than other seasons. Physical environment responses to warming have been reported, but not details of large-area temperate growing season impacts, or consequences for ecosystems and agriculture. To date, hemispheric-scale measurements of biospheric changes have been confined to remote sensing. However, these studies did not provide detailed data needed for many investigations. Here, we show that a suite of modeled and derived measures (produced from daily maximum–minimum temperatures) linking plant development (phenology) with its basic climatic drivers provide a reliable and spatially extensive method for monitoring general impacts of global warming on the start of the growing season. Results are consistent with prior smaller area studies, confirming a nearly universal quicker onset of early spring warmth (spring indices (SI) first leaf date, −1.2 days decade−1), late spring warmth (SI first bloom date, −1.0 days decade−1; last spring day below 5°C, −1.4 days decade−1), and last spring freeze date (−1.5 days decade−1) across most temperate NH land regions over the 1955–2002 period.
However, dynamics differ among major continental areas with North American first leaf and last freeze date changes displaying a complex spatial relationship. Europe presents a spatial pattern of change, with western continental areas showing last freeze dates getting earlier faster, some central areas having last freeze and first leaf dates progressing at about the same pace, while in portions of Northern and Eastern Europe first leaf dates are getting earlier faster than last freeze dates. Across East Asia last freeze dates are getting earlier faster than first leaf dates.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Shifting plant phenology in response to global change
TL;DR: Recent advances in several fields that have enabled scaling between species responses to recent climatic changes and shifts in ecosystem productivity are discussed, with implications for global carbon cycling.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change, phenology, and phenological control of vegetation feedbacks to the climate system
Andrew D. Richardson,Trevor F. Keenan,Mirco Migliavacca,Youngryel Ryu,Youngryel Ryu,Oliver Sonnentag,Oliver Sonnentag,Michael Toomey +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the environmental drivers of phenology, and the impacts of climate change on phenology in different biomes, and assess the potential impact on these feedbacks of shifts in phenology driven by climate change.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate Impacts on Agriculture: Implications for Crop Production
Jerry L. Hatfield,Kenneth J. Boote,Bruce A. Kimball,Lewis A. Ziska,Roberto C. Izaurralde,Donald R. Ort,Allison M. Thomson,David W. Wolfe +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of temperature, CO 2, and ozone on agronomic crops and the implications for crop production are discussed and a review of the impact on agricultural crops is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Net carbon dioxide losses of northern ecosystems in response to autumn warming
Shilong Piao,Philippe Ciais,Pierre Friedlingstein,Philippe Peylin,Markus Reichstein,Sebastiaan Luyssaert,Hank A. Margolis,Jingyun Fang,Alan Barr,Anping Chen,Achim Grelle,David Y. Hollinger,Tuomas Laurila,Anders Lindroth,Andrew D. Richardson,Timo Vesala +15 more
TL;DR: Simulation and observations indicate that northern terrestrial ecosystems may currently lose carbon dioxide in response to autumn warming, with a sensitivity of about 0.2 PgC °C-1, offsetting 90% of the increased carbon dioxide uptake during spring.
Journal ArticleDOI
Past and future changes in climate and hydrological indicators in the US Northeast
Katharine Hayhoe,Cameron P. Wake,Thomas G. Huntington,Lifeng Luo,Mark D. Schwartz,Justin Sheffield,Eric F. Wood,Bruce T. Anderson,James A. Bradbury,Art DeGaetano,Tara J. Troy,David W. Wolfe +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined past and future changes in key climate, hydrological, and biophysical indicators across the US Northeast (NE) by considering the extent to which simulations of twentieth century climate from nine atmosphere-ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs) are able to reproduce observed changes in these indicators.
References
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