Journal ArticleDOI
Physiology of obesity and effects on lung function.
Cheryl M. Salome,Gregory G. King,Gregory G. King,Gregory G. King,Norbert Berend,Norbert Berend +5 more
TLDR
Obesity has effects on lung function that can reduce respiratory well-being, even in the absence of specific respiratory disease, and may also exaggerate the effects of existing airway disease.Abstract:
In obese people, the presence of adipose tissue around the rib cage and abdomen and in the visceral cavity loads the chest wall and reduces functional residual capacity (FRC). The reduction in FRC and in expiratory reserve volume is detectable, even at a modest increase in weight. However, obesity has little direct effect on airway caliber. Spirometric variables decrease in proportion to lung volumes, but are rarely below the normal range, even in the extremely obese, while reductions in expiratory flows and increases in airway resistance are largely normalized by adjusting for lung volumes. Nevertheless, the reduction in FRC has consequences for other aspects of lung function. A low FRC increases the risk of both expiratory flow limitation and airway closure. Marked reductions in expiratory reserve volume may lead to abnormalities in ventilation distribution, with closure of airways in the dependent zones of the lung and ventilation perfusion inequalities. Greater airway closure during tidal breathing is associated with lower arterial oxygen saturation in some subjects, even though lung CO-diffusing capacity is normal or increased in the obese. Bronchoconstriction has the potential to enhance the effects of obesity on airway closure and thus on ventilation distribution. Thus obesity has effects on lung function that can reduce respiratory well-being, even in the absence of specific respiratory disease, and may also exaggerate the effects of existing airway disease.read more
Citations
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Cardiopulmonary functions in young male and female nigerians with similar body mass index
Omorogiuwa A,Aigborhuan Ha +1 more
TL;DR: The normal weight subjects for both sexes had a balanced homeostasis between respiratory muscular strength and airway resistance for optimal peak expiratory flow rate and the pulse pressure of the overweight males indicates that they have the poorest arterial compliance.
Journal ArticleDOI
A review on the anesthetic management of obese patients undergoing surgery
Rimanatou Seyni-Boureima,Zongze Zhang,Malyn Martha Lilac Ketisha Antoine,Chrystal D. Antoine-Frank +3 more
TL;DR: In this paper , a review of the effective management of obese patients undergoing surgery focusing on the preoperative, perioperative and postoperative care of these patients is presented, where the authors highlight the effectiveness of obesity related complications.
Journal ArticleDOI
Can the Lung be Obese? The Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Lung Function and Imaging
TL;DR: Overall, this review presents a compelling evidence of lung function and imaging abnormalities underlying systemic and pulmonary inflammation in morbidly obese candidates to bariatric surgery.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adiposity increases weight-bearing exercise-induced dyspnea despite favoring resting lung hyperinflation in COPD
TL;DR: In this paper , the associations between resting lung hyperinflation, weight-bearing exercise-induced dyspnea and adipose distribution in obese and normal-weight COPD patients were studied using logistic regression models.
Journal ArticleDOI
Concept for the testing of automated functions in therapeutic medical devices
Sandra Henn,Bastian Kabuth,Franziska Schollemann,Carlotta Hennigs,Georg Männel,M. Angern,Philipp Rostalski +6 more
TL;DR: In this article , a testing for highly automated function (HAF) is adapted from the automotive industry to therapeutic medical devices, which contains different steps to achieve a safety argumentation: First, scenarios of interest (SoI) are identified, then the concrete scenarios are generated using design of experiment (DoE).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Effects of Body Mass Index on Lung Volumes
TL;DR: It was showed that BMI has significant effects on all of the lung volumes, and the greatest effects were on FRC and ERV, which occurred at BMI values < 30 kg/m2, which will assist clinicians when interpreting PFT results in patients with normal airway function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of obesity on respiratory function
TL;DR: It is concluded that obesity does not usually preclude use of usual predictors, and an abnormal pulmonary function test value should be considered as caused by intrinsic lung disease and not by obesity, except in those with extreme obesity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Compliance of the respiratory system and its components in health and obesity.
A. Naimark,Reuben M. Cherniack +1 more
TL;DR: The compliance of the total respiratory system and its components was studied in normal and obese spontaneously breathing unanesthetized subjects and found that the former are more compliant than the latter.
Journal ArticleDOI
The effects of body mass on lung volumes, respiratory mechanics, and gas exchange during general anesthesia
Paolo Pelosi,M. Croci,I Ravagnan,Stefano Tredici,Alessia Pedoto,Alfredo Lissoni,Luciano Gattinoni +6 more
TL;DR: The effects of body mass index (BMI) on functional residual capacity (FRC), respiratory mechanics, respiratory mechanics (compliance and resistance), gas exchange, and the inspiratory mechanical work done per liter of ventilation during general anesthesia are investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of Obesity on Respiratory Resistance
TL;DR: It is suggested that in addition to the elastic load, obese subjects have to overcome increased respiratory resistance resulting from the reduction in lung volumes related to being overweight.
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