Journal ArticleDOI
Physiology of obesity and effects on lung function.
Cheryl M. Salome,Gregory G. King,Gregory G. King,Gregory G. King,Norbert Berend,Norbert Berend +5 more
TLDR
Obesity has effects on lung function that can reduce respiratory well-being, even in the absence of specific respiratory disease, and may also exaggerate the effects of existing airway disease.Abstract:
In obese people, the presence of adipose tissue around the rib cage and abdomen and in the visceral cavity loads the chest wall and reduces functional residual capacity (FRC). The reduction in FRC and in expiratory reserve volume is detectable, even at a modest increase in weight. However, obesity has little direct effect on airway caliber. Spirometric variables decrease in proportion to lung volumes, but are rarely below the normal range, even in the extremely obese, while reductions in expiratory flows and increases in airway resistance are largely normalized by adjusting for lung volumes. Nevertheless, the reduction in FRC has consequences for other aspects of lung function. A low FRC increases the risk of both expiratory flow limitation and airway closure. Marked reductions in expiratory reserve volume may lead to abnormalities in ventilation distribution, with closure of airways in the dependent zones of the lung and ventilation perfusion inequalities. Greater airway closure during tidal breathing is associated with lower arterial oxygen saturation in some subjects, even though lung CO-diffusing capacity is normal or increased in the obese. Bronchoconstriction has the potential to enhance the effects of obesity on airway closure and thus on ventilation distribution. Thus obesity has effects on lung function that can reduce respiratory well-being, even in the absence of specific respiratory disease, and may also exaggerate the effects of existing airway disease.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Perioperative physiology and pharmacology in the obese small animal patient
Lydia Love,Martha G Cline +1 more
TL;DR: Modifications in perioperative care may need to be made for obese dogs and cats, including attention to respiratory and cardiovascular supportive care and drug dose adjustments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exercise and Arterial Modulation in Children: The EXAMIN YOUTH Study.
TL;DR: The study examines the associations of blood pressure, body mass index and physical activity with cardiopulmonary, metabolic, and psychosocial health of children in a systems physiology approach to help optimize CV risk stratification to identify children at risk of disease progression later in life.
Journal ArticleDOI
High Body Mass Index as a Risk Factor for Hospitalization Due to Influenza: A Case–Control Study
Vicente Martín,Jesús Castilla,Pere Godoy,Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez,Núria Soldevila,Tania Fernández-Villa,Antonio J. Molina,Jenaro Astray,Ady Castro,Fernando González-Candelas,José María Mayoral,José M. Quintana,Angela Domínguez +12 more
TL;DR: A high BMI is associated with an increased risk of hospitalization due to influenza, especially in nonvaccinated people and in persons without influenza vaccination.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of Weight Loss on Postural Changes in Pulmonary Function in Obese Subjects: A Longitudinal Study
Mustapha Sebbane,Moez El Kamel,Alice Millot,Boris Jung,Sophie Lefebvre,Josh Rubenovitch,Gregoire Mercier,Jean-Jacques Eledjam,Samir Jaber,Maurice Hayot +9 more
TL;DR: Although postural change in FRC is absent when the morbidly obese adopt a supine position, supine reduction can be recovered following gastroplasty-induced weight loss, despite residual mild to moderate obesity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lean mass, not fat mass, is associated with lung function in male and female children with asthma.
TL;DR: Lean mass, not fat mass, is associated with lung function in children with asthma, and the positive association between BMI z-score and respiratory function in male children is driven by lean mass.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Effects of Body Mass Index on Lung Volumes
TL;DR: It was showed that BMI has significant effects on all of the lung volumes, and the greatest effects were on FRC and ERV, which occurred at BMI values < 30 kg/m2, which will assist clinicians when interpreting PFT results in patients with normal airway function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of obesity on respiratory function
TL;DR: It is concluded that obesity does not usually preclude use of usual predictors, and an abnormal pulmonary function test value should be considered as caused by intrinsic lung disease and not by obesity, except in those with extreme obesity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Compliance of the respiratory system and its components in health and obesity.
A. Naimark,Reuben M. Cherniack +1 more
TL;DR: The compliance of the total respiratory system and its components was studied in normal and obese spontaneously breathing unanesthetized subjects and found that the former are more compliant than the latter.
Journal ArticleDOI
The effects of body mass on lung volumes, respiratory mechanics, and gas exchange during general anesthesia
Paolo Pelosi,M. Croci,I Ravagnan,Stefano Tredici,Alessia Pedoto,Alfredo Lissoni,Luciano Gattinoni +6 more
TL;DR: The effects of body mass index (BMI) on functional residual capacity (FRC), respiratory mechanics, respiratory mechanics (compliance and resistance), gas exchange, and the inspiratory mechanical work done per liter of ventilation during general anesthesia are investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of Obesity on Respiratory Resistance
TL;DR: It is suggested that in addition to the elastic load, obese subjects have to overcome increased respiratory resistance resulting from the reduction in lung volumes related to being overweight.
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