Journal ArticleDOI
Physiology of obesity and effects on lung function.
Cheryl M. Salome,Gregory G. King,Gregory G. King,Gregory G. King,Norbert Berend,Norbert Berend +5 more
TLDR
Obesity has effects on lung function that can reduce respiratory well-being, even in the absence of specific respiratory disease, and may also exaggerate the effects of existing airway disease.Abstract:
In obese people, the presence of adipose tissue around the rib cage and abdomen and in the visceral cavity loads the chest wall and reduces functional residual capacity (FRC). The reduction in FRC and in expiratory reserve volume is detectable, even at a modest increase in weight. However, obesity has little direct effect on airway caliber. Spirometric variables decrease in proportion to lung volumes, but are rarely below the normal range, even in the extremely obese, while reductions in expiratory flows and increases in airway resistance are largely normalized by adjusting for lung volumes. Nevertheless, the reduction in FRC has consequences for other aspects of lung function. A low FRC increases the risk of both expiratory flow limitation and airway closure. Marked reductions in expiratory reserve volume may lead to abnormalities in ventilation distribution, with closure of airways in the dependent zones of the lung and ventilation perfusion inequalities. Greater airway closure during tidal breathing is associated with lower arterial oxygen saturation in some subjects, even though lung CO-diffusing capacity is normal or increased in the obese. Bronchoconstriction has the potential to enhance the effects of obesity on airway closure and thus on ventilation distribution. Thus obesity has effects on lung function that can reduce respiratory well-being, even in the absence of specific respiratory disease, and may also exaggerate the effects of existing airway disease.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Función pulmonar en adultos jóvenes con síndrome de Down: estudio transversal
TL;DR: Los adultos with SD muestran una reduccion de the funcion pulmonar cuando se les compara con controles de su misma edad, y el IMC correlaciona inversamente with el PEF.
Book ChapterDOI
Position and the Compromised Respiratory System
TL;DR: In the critical care setting, positioning is a fundamental tool for implementing an integrated respiratory care strategy and many of the therapies and problems confronted in the intensive care unit (ICU) — are strongly influenced by body orientation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Obesity management: applying clinical trial data to clinical care.
Journal Article
Effect of obesity on pulmonary functions among Saudi Children
Ahmad H. Alghadir,Farag A. Aly +1 more
TL;DR: Over weight and obese Saudi male children have much lower ventilatory function compared to their age matching normal weight Saudi children and their age matchedreference predicted values in away that could restrict their lung expansion and affect their exercise capacity.
Corrección del intercambio gaseoso utilizando ventilación no invasiva guiada por manometría esofágica en paciente con Síndrome de Obesidad e Hipoventilación. Reporte de un caso.
TL;DR: Presentamos un paciente masculino de 68 anos, obeso morbido con antecedentes de sindrome de apneas del sueno, que ingresa a la unidad de terapia Intensiva with insuficiencia respiratoria aguda hipercapnica y es tratado with ventilacion mecanica no invasiva (VMNI).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Effects of Body Mass Index on Lung Volumes
TL;DR: It was showed that BMI has significant effects on all of the lung volumes, and the greatest effects were on FRC and ERV, which occurred at BMI values < 30 kg/m2, which will assist clinicians when interpreting PFT results in patients with normal airway function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of obesity on respiratory function
TL;DR: It is concluded that obesity does not usually preclude use of usual predictors, and an abnormal pulmonary function test value should be considered as caused by intrinsic lung disease and not by obesity, except in those with extreme obesity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Compliance of the respiratory system and its components in health and obesity.
A. Naimark,Reuben M. Cherniack +1 more
TL;DR: The compliance of the total respiratory system and its components was studied in normal and obese spontaneously breathing unanesthetized subjects and found that the former are more compliant than the latter.
Journal ArticleDOI
The effects of body mass on lung volumes, respiratory mechanics, and gas exchange during general anesthesia
Paolo Pelosi,M. Croci,I Ravagnan,Stefano Tredici,Alessia Pedoto,Alfredo Lissoni,Luciano Gattinoni +6 more
TL;DR: The effects of body mass index (BMI) on functional residual capacity (FRC), respiratory mechanics, respiratory mechanics (compliance and resistance), gas exchange, and the inspiratory mechanical work done per liter of ventilation during general anesthesia are investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of Obesity on Respiratory Resistance
TL;DR: It is suggested that in addition to the elastic load, obese subjects have to overcome increased respiratory resistance resulting from the reduction in lung volumes related to being overweight.
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