Journal ArticleDOI
Physiology of obesity and effects on lung function.
Cheryl M. Salome,Gregory G. King,Gregory G. King,Gregory G. King,Norbert Berend,Norbert Berend +5 more
TLDR
Obesity has effects on lung function that can reduce respiratory well-being, even in the absence of specific respiratory disease, and may also exaggerate the effects of existing airway disease.Abstract:
In obese people, the presence of adipose tissue around the rib cage and abdomen and in the visceral cavity loads the chest wall and reduces functional residual capacity (FRC). The reduction in FRC and in expiratory reserve volume is detectable, even at a modest increase in weight. However, obesity has little direct effect on airway caliber. Spirometric variables decrease in proportion to lung volumes, but are rarely below the normal range, even in the extremely obese, while reductions in expiratory flows and increases in airway resistance are largely normalized by adjusting for lung volumes. Nevertheless, the reduction in FRC has consequences for other aspects of lung function. A low FRC increases the risk of both expiratory flow limitation and airway closure. Marked reductions in expiratory reserve volume may lead to abnormalities in ventilation distribution, with closure of airways in the dependent zones of the lung and ventilation perfusion inequalities. Greater airway closure during tidal breathing is associated with lower arterial oxygen saturation in some subjects, even though lung CO-diffusing capacity is normal or increased in the obese. Bronchoconstriction has the potential to enhance the effects of obesity on airway closure and thus on ventilation distribution. Thus obesity has effects on lung function that can reduce respiratory well-being, even in the absence of specific respiratory disease, and may also exaggerate the effects of existing airway disease.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Optimal propofol induction dose in morbidly obese patients: A randomized controlled trial comparing the bispectral index and lean body weight scalar.
TL;DR: The induction dose of prop ofol based on the BIS index was different from the induction dose based on LBW in MO patients, and the dosage du propofol en fonction du poids corporel total (PCT) peut entraîner un surdosage chez les patients obèses morbides.
Journal ArticleDOI
Obesity induced by neonatal overfeeding worsens airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation.
TL;DR: In addition to inducing a variety of metabolic defects, neonatal overfeeding enhanced lung inflammation, which may lead to airway remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness in adulthood.
Journal ArticleDOI
Body mass index and its effect on outcome in children after lung transplantation.
Christian Benden,Deborah Ridout,Leah B. Edwards,Annette Boehler,Jason D. Christie,Stuart C. Sweet +5 more
TL;DR: The incidence of underweight status amongst pediatric lung transplant recipients with CF is high, however, a significant negative effect of under Weight body habitus on survival in CF children after lung transplantation is not found.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interacting effects of obesity, race, ethnicity and sex on the incidence and control of adult-onset asthma.
Corinna Koebnick,Heidi Fischer,Matthew F. Daley,Assiamira Ferrara,Michael A. Horberg,Beth E. Waitzfelder,Deborah R. Young,Michael K. Gould +7 more
TL;DR: The present study demonstrates that the magnitude of the associations between obesity and adult-onset asthma incidence and control are modified by race, age, and sex.
Journal ArticleDOI
Determinants of impaired lung function and lung cancer prediction among never-smokers in the UK Biobank cohort.
TL;DR: Lung function impairment was associated with low birthweight, ambient air pollution, and overweight, after adjustment for other important risk factors, in a cohort exclusively of never-smokers in UKB.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Effects of Body Mass Index on Lung Volumes
TL;DR: It was showed that BMI has significant effects on all of the lung volumes, and the greatest effects were on FRC and ERV, which occurred at BMI values < 30 kg/m2, which will assist clinicians when interpreting PFT results in patients with normal airway function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of obesity on respiratory function
TL;DR: It is concluded that obesity does not usually preclude use of usual predictors, and an abnormal pulmonary function test value should be considered as caused by intrinsic lung disease and not by obesity, except in those with extreme obesity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Compliance of the respiratory system and its components in health and obesity.
A. Naimark,Reuben M. Cherniack +1 more
TL;DR: The compliance of the total respiratory system and its components was studied in normal and obese spontaneously breathing unanesthetized subjects and found that the former are more compliant than the latter.
Journal ArticleDOI
The effects of body mass on lung volumes, respiratory mechanics, and gas exchange during general anesthesia
Paolo Pelosi,M. Croci,I Ravagnan,Stefano Tredici,Alessia Pedoto,Alfredo Lissoni,Luciano Gattinoni +6 more
TL;DR: The effects of body mass index (BMI) on functional residual capacity (FRC), respiratory mechanics, respiratory mechanics (compliance and resistance), gas exchange, and the inspiratory mechanical work done per liter of ventilation during general anesthesia are investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of Obesity on Respiratory Resistance
TL;DR: It is suggested that in addition to the elastic load, obese subjects have to overcome increased respiratory resistance resulting from the reduction in lung volumes related to being overweight.
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