Journal ArticleDOI
Physiology of obesity and effects on lung function.
Cheryl M. Salome,Gregory G. King,Gregory G. King,Gregory G. King,Norbert Berend,Norbert Berend +5 more
TLDR
Obesity has effects on lung function that can reduce respiratory well-being, even in the absence of specific respiratory disease, and may also exaggerate the effects of existing airway disease.Abstract:
In obese people, the presence of adipose tissue around the rib cage and abdomen and in the visceral cavity loads the chest wall and reduces functional residual capacity (FRC). The reduction in FRC and in expiratory reserve volume is detectable, even at a modest increase in weight. However, obesity has little direct effect on airway caliber. Spirometric variables decrease in proportion to lung volumes, but are rarely below the normal range, even in the extremely obese, while reductions in expiratory flows and increases in airway resistance are largely normalized by adjusting for lung volumes. Nevertheless, the reduction in FRC has consequences for other aspects of lung function. A low FRC increases the risk of both expiratory flow limitation and airway closure. Marked reductions in expiratory reserve volume may lead to abnormalities in ventilation distribution, with closure of airways in the dependent zones of the lung and ventilation perfusion inequalities. Greater airway closure during tidal breathing is associated with lower arterial oxygen saturation in some subjects, even though lung CO-diffusing capacity is normal or increased in the obese. Bronchoconstriction has the potential to enhance the effects of obesity on airway closure and thus on ventilation distribution. Thus obesity has effects on lung function that can reduce respiratory well-being, even in the absence of specific respiratory disease, and may also exaggerate the effects of existing airway disease.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Obesity and asthma.
TL;DR: Clinical and epidemiological studies, as well as data from experimental animal work, are being summarized to provide a state of the art update on this important topic.
Journal ArticleDOI
Waist circumference and pulmonary function: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Fernando C. Wehrmeister,Ana M. B. Menezes,Ludmila Correa Muniz,Jeovany Martínez-Mesa,Marlos Rodrigues Domingues,Bernardo L. Horta +5 more
TL;DR: There seems to be an inverse relationship between WC and pulmonary function, mainly in men, and more population-based studies should be performed, especially among children and adolescents, to confirm these findings.
Journal ArticleDOI
Continuous positive airway pressure/pressure support pre-oxygenation of morbidly obese patients.
TL;DR: This study aimed to assess the effect of low‐pressure continuous positive airway pressure with pressure support ventilation during pre‐oxygenation on partial oxygen pressure in arterial blood (PaO2) immediately after tracheal intubation (post‐intubation PaO2).
Journal ArticleDOI
Physiological and Management Implications of Obesity in Critical Illness
TL;DR: It is not clear whether obesity has an effect on mortality or long-term outcomes from critical illness, but several studies have shown an increased risk of organ dysfunction such as the acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute kidney injury in obese patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characteristics and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients in an underserved-inner city population: A single tertiary center cohort.
Grace Salacup,Kevin Bryan Lo,Fahad Gul,Eric D. Peterson,Robert De Joy,Ruchika Bhargav,Jerald Pelayo,Jeri Albano,Zurab Azmaiparashvili,Sadia Benzaquen,Gabriel Patarroyo-Aponte,Janani Rangaswami +11 more
TL;DR: Requirement of mechanical ventilation, vasopressor use, and CRRT/HD was associated significantly with inpatient mortality, and higher baseline CRP was significantly associated with in patient death.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Effects of Body Mass Index on Lung Volumes
TL;DR: It was showed that BMI has significant effects on all of the lung volumes, and the greatest effects were on FRC and ERV, which occurred at BMI values < 30 kg/m2, which will assist clinicians when interpreting PFT results in patients with normal airway function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of obesity on respiratory function
TL;DR: It is concluded that obesity does not usually preclude use of usual predictors, and an abnormal pulmonary function test value should be considered as caused by intrinsic lung disease and not by obesity, except in those with extreme obesity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Compliance of the respiratory system and its components in health and obesity.
A. Naimark,Reuben M. Cherniack +1 more
TL;DR: The compliance of the total respiratory system and its components was studied in normal and obese spontaneously breathing unanesthetized subjects and found that the former are more compliant than the latter.
Journal ArticleDOI
The effects of body mass on lung volumes, respiratory mechanics, and gas exchange during general anesthesia
Paolo Pelosi,M. Croci,I Ravagnan,Stefano Tredici,Alessia Pedoto,Alfredo Lissoni,Luciano Gattinoni +6 more
TL;DR: The effects of body mass index (BMI) on functional residual capacity (FRC), respiratory mechanics, respiratory mechanics (compliance and resistance), gas exchange, and the inspiratory mechanical work done per liter of ventilation during general anesthesia are investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of Obesity on Respiratory Resistance
TL;DR: It is suggested that in addition to the elastic load, obese subjects have to overcome increased respiratory resistance resulting from the reduction in lung volumes related to being overweight.
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