Journal ArticleDOI
Physiology of obesity and effects on lung function.
Cheryl M. Salome,Gregory G. King,Gregory G. King,Gregory G. King,Norbert Berend,Norbert Berend +5 more
TLDR
Obesity has effects on lung function that can reduce respiratory well-being, even in the absence of specific respiratory disease, and may also exaggerate the effects of existing airway disease.Abstract:
In obese people, the presence of adipose tissue around the rib cage and abdomen and in the visceral cavity loads the chest wall and reduces functional residual capacity (FRC). The reduction in FRC and in expiratory reserve volume is detectable, even at a modest increase in weight. However, obesity has little direct effect on airway caliber. Spirometric variables decrease in proportion to lung volumes, but are rarely below the normal range, even in the extremely obese, while reductions in expiratory flows and increases in airway resistance are largely normalized by adjusting for lung volumes. Nevertheless, the reduction in FRC has consequences for other aspects of lung function. A low FRC increases the risk of both expiratory flow limitation and airway closure. Marked reductions in expiratory reserve volume may lead to abnormalities in ventilation distribution, with closure of airways in the dependent zones of the lung and ventilation perfusion inequalities. Greater airway closure during tidal breathing is associated with lower arterial oxygen saturation in some subjects, even though lung CO-diffusing capacity is normal or increased in the obese. Bronchoconstriction has the potential to enhance the effects of obesity on airway closure and thus on ventilation distribution. Thus obesity has effects on lung function that can reduce respiratory well-being, even in the absence of specific respiratory disease, and may also exaggerate the effects of existing airway disease.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Predictors for Presence and Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Snoring Patients: Significance of Neck Circumference
TL;DR: Patients with OSA were shown to have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, depression, and impaired cognitive function, and an early diagnosis and treatment of OSA are important.
Journal ArticleDOI
Obesity in relation to lung cancer incidence in African American women
Traci N. Bethea,Lynn Rosenberg,Marjory Charlot,George T. O'Connor,Lucile L. Adams-Campbell,Julie R. Palmer +5 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that high BMI is associated with a lower risk of lung cancer in African American women, particularly among current smokers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Factores que afectan a la función pulmonar: una revisión bibliográfica
TL;DR: Las caracteristicas antropometricas no son suficientes para explicar las diferencias existentes en the funcion pulmonar entre diferentes etnias y ponen de manifiesto the importancia of considerar otros factores adicionales a los clasicos antropometos for su medicion.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dietary interventions in asthma.
TL;DR: Dietary interventions that target the inflammatory response in asthma have great potential, and various aspects of dietary intake are known to modulate inflammation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Belastungsuntersuchungen in der Pneumologie – Empfehlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin e. V.
F. J. Meyer,Mathias M. Borst,H. C. Buschmann,Martin Claussen,Daniel Dumitrescu,Ralf Ewert,B. Friedmann-Bette,Sven Gläser,Rainer Glöckl,K. Haring,B. Lehnigk,Uta Ochmann,A. M. Preisser,Stephan Sorichter,Michael Westhoff,Heinrich Worth +15 more
TL;DR: Dieses Dokument der DGP ersetzt die Empfehlungen von 1998 and 2013 zu Indikationen, zur Auswahl und Durchführung der geeigneten Belastungsuntersuchungen sowie zu den technischen and personellen Voraussetzungen formuliert.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Effects of Body Mass Index on Lung Volumes
TL;DR: It was showed that BMI has significant effects on all of the lung volumes, and the greatest effects were on FRC and ERV, which occurred at BMI values < 30 kg/m2, which will assist clinicians when interpreting PFT results in patients with normal airway function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of obesity on respiratory function
TL;DR: It is concluded that obesity does not usually preclude use of usual predictors, and an abnormal pulmonary function test value should be considered as caused by intrinsic lung disease and not by obesity, except in those with extreme obesity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Compliance of the respiratory system and its components in health and obesity.
A. Naimark,Reuben M. Cherniack +1 more
TL;DR: The compliance of the total respiratory system and its components was studied in normal and obese spontaneously breathing unanesthetized subjects and found that the former are more compliant than the latter.
Journal ArticleDOI
The effects of body mass on lung volumes, respiratory mechanics, and gas exchange during general anesthesia
Paolo Pelosi,M. Croci,I Ravagnan,Stefano Tredici,Alessia Pedoto,Alfredo Lissoni,Luciano Gattinoni +6 more
TL;DR: The effects of body mass index (BMI) on functional residual capacity (FRC), respiratory mechanics, respiratory mechanics (compliance and resistance), gas exchange, and the inspiratory mechanical work done per liter of ventilation during general anesthesia are investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of Obesity on Respiratory Resistance
TL;DR: It is suggested that in addition to the elastic load, obese subjects have to overcome increased respiratory resistance resulting from the reduction in lung volumes related to being overweight.
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