Plaque-independent disruption of neural circuits in Alzheimer's disease mouse models.
Albert Y. Hsia,Eliezer Masliah,Lisa McConlogue,Gui Qiu Yu,Gwen Tatsuno,Kang Hu,Dora Kholodenko,Robert C. Malenka,Roger A. Nicoll,Lennart Mucke +9 more
TLDR
It is shown that overexpression of FAD(717V-->F)-mutant human APP in neurons of transgenic mice decreases the density of presynaptic terminals and neurons well before these mice develop amyloid plaques, suggesting a neurotoxic effect of Abeta that is independent of plaque formation.Abstract:
Autosomal dominant forms of familial Alzheimer’s disease (FAD) are associated with increased production of the amyloid β peptide, Aβ42, which is derived from the amyloid protein precursor (APP). In FAD, as well as in sporadic forms of the illness, Aβ peptides accumulate abnormally in the brain in the form of amyloid plaques. Here, we show that overexpression of FAD(717V→F)-mutant human APP in neurons of transgenic mice decreases the density of presynaptic terminals and neurons well before these mice develop amyloid plaques. Electrophysiological recordings from the hippocampus revealed prominent deficits in synaptic transmission, which also preceded amyloid deposition by several months. Although in young mice, functional and structural neuronal deficits were of similar magnitude, functional deficits became predominant with advancing age. Increased Aβ production in the context of decreased overall APP expression, achieved by addition of the Swedish FAD mutation to the APP transgene in a second line of mice, further increased synaptic transmission deficits in young APP mice without plaques. These results suggest a neurotoxic effect of Aβ that is independent of plaque formation.read more
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Alzheimer's Disease: Genes, Proteins, and Therapy
TL;DR: Evidence that the presenilin proteins, mutations in which cause the most aggressive form of inherited AD, lead to altered intramembranous cleavage of the beta-amyloid precursor protein by the protease called gamma-secretase has spurred progress toward novel therapeutics and provided discrete biochemical targets for drug screening and development.
Journal ArticleDOI
Naturally secreted oligomers of amyloid beta protein potently inhibit hippocampal long-term potentiation in vivo.
Dominic M. Walsh,Igor Klyubin,Julia V. Fadeeva,William K. Cullen,Roger Anwyl,Michael S. Wolfe,Michael J. Rowan,Dennis J. Selkoe +7 more
TL;DR: It is reported that natural oligomers of human Aβ are formed soon after generation of the peptide within specific intracellular vesicles and are subsequently secreted from the cell, indicating that synaptotoxic Aβ oligomers can be targeted therapeutically.
Journal ArticleDOI
Alzheimer's Disease Is a Synaptic Failure
TL;DR: Mounting evidence suggests that this syndrome begins with subtle alterations of hippocampal synaptic efficacy prior to frank neuronal degeneration, and that the synaptic dysfunction is caused by diffusible oligomeric assemblies of the amyloid β protein.
Journal ArticleDOI
Triple-Transgenic Model of Alzheimer's Disease with Plaques and Tangles: Intracellular Aβ and Synaptic Dysfunction
Salvatore Oddo,Antonella Caccamo,Jason D. Shepherd,M. Paul Murphy,Todd E. Golde,Rakez Kayed,Raju Metherate,Mark P. Mattson,Yama Akbari,Frank M. LaFerla +9 more
TL;DR: The recapitulation of salient features of AD in these mice clarifies the relationships between Abeta, synaptic dysfunction, and tangles and provides a valuable model for evaluating potential AD therapeutics as the impact on both lesions can be assessed.
Journal ArticleDOI
A specific amyloid-|[beta]| protein assembly in the brain impairs memory
Sylvain Lesné,Ming Teng Koh,Linda Kotilinek,Rakez Kayed,Charles G. Glabe,Austin J. Yang,Michela Gallagher,Karen H. Ashe +7 more
TL;DR: It is found that memory deficits in middle-aged Tg2576 mice are caused by the extracellular accumulation of a 56-kDa soluble amyloid-β assembly, which is proposed to be Aβ*56 (Aβ star 56), which may contribute to cognitive deficits associated with Alzheimer's disease.
References
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Excitatory amino acids as a final common pathway for neurologic disorders.
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Journal ArticleDOI
Alzheimer-type neuropathology in transgenic mice overexpressing V717F beta-amyloid precursor protein.
Dora Games,David S. Adams,Ree Alessandrini,Robin Barbour,Patricia Borthelette,Catherine Blackwell,Tony Carr,J. C. Clemens,Thomas Donaldson,Frances Gillespie,Terry Guido,Stephanie Hagopian,Kelly Johnson-Wood,Karen Khan,Michael K. Lee,Paul Leibowitz,Ivan Lieberburg,Sheila P. Little,Eliezer Masliah,Lisa McConlogue,Martin Montoya-Zavala,Lennart Mucke,Lisa Paganini,Elizabeth Penniman,Michael Power,Dale Schenk,Peter Seubert,Ben W. Snyder,Ferdie Soriano,Hua Tan,James Vitale,Sam Wadsworth,Ben Wolozin,Jun Zhao +33 more
TL;DR: Transgenic mice that express high levels of human mutant APP support a primary role for APP/Aβ in the genesis of AD and could provide a preclinical model for testing therapeutic drugs.