Journal ArticleDOI
Correlative Memory Deficits, Aβ Elevation, and Amyloid Plaques in Transgenic Mice
Karen Hsiao,Paul F. Chapman,Steven P. Nilsen,Chris Eckman,Yasuo Harigaya,Steven G. Younkin,Fusheng Yang,Greg M. Cole +7 more
TLDR
Transgenic mice overexpressing the 695-amino acid isoform of human Alzheimer β-amyloid (Aβ) precursor protein containing a Lys670 → Asn, Met671 → Leu mutation had normal learning and memory but showed impairment by 9 to 10 months of age.Abstract:
Transgenic mice overexpressing the 695-amino acid isoform of human Alzheimer beta-amyloid (Abeta) precursor protein containing a Lys670 --> Asn, Met671 --> Leu mutation had normal learning and memory in spatial reference and alternation tasks at 3 months of age but showed impairment by 9 to 10 months of age. A fivefold increase in Abeta(1-40) and a 14-fold increase in Abeta(1-42/43) accompanied the appearance of these behavioral deficits. Numerous Abeta plaques that stained with Congo red dye were present in cortical and limbic structures of mice with elevated amounts of Abeta. The correlative appearance of behavioral, biochemical, and pathological abnormalities reminiscent of Alzheimer's disease in these transgenic mice suggests new opportunities for exploring the pathophysiology and neurobiology of this disease.read more
Citations
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The Amyloid Hypothesis of Alzheimer's Disease: Progress and Problems on the Road to Therapeutics
John Hardy,Dennis J. Selkoe +1 more
TL;DR: It has been more than 10 years since it was first proposed that the neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) may be caused by deposition of amyloid β-peptide in plaques in brain tissue and the rest of the disease process is proposed to result from an imbalance between Aβ production and Aβ clearance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Alzheimer's Disease: Genes, Proteins, and Therapy
TL;DR: Evidence that the presenilin proteins, mutations in which cause the most aggressive form of inherited AD, lead to altered intramembranous cleavage of the beta-amyloid precursor protein by the protease called gamma-secretase has spurred progress toward novel therapeutics and provided discrete biochemical targets for drug screening and development.
Journal ArticleDOI
The amyloid hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease at 25 years
Dennis J. Selkoe,John Hardy +1 more
TL;DR: In a recent study, this article showed that low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ42 and amyloid-PET positivity precede other AD manifestations by many years.
Journal ArticleDOI
Diffusible, nonfibrillar ligands derived from Aβ1–42 are potent central nervous system neurotoxins
Mary P. Lambert,A. K. Barlow,Brett A. Chromy,C. Edwards,R. Freed,M. Liosatos,Todd E. Morgan,Irina Rozovsky,Barbara L. Trommer,Kirsten L. Viola,Pat Wals,Chuan Zhang,Caleb E. Finch,Grant A. Krafft,William L. Klein +14 more
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that impaired synaptic plasticity and associated memory dysfunction during early stage Alzheimer's disease and severe cellular degeneration and dementia during end stage could be caused by the biphasic impact of Abeta-derived diffusible ligands acting upon particular neural signal transduction pathways.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Developments of a water-maze procedure for studying spatial learning in the rat
TL;DR: Developments of an open-field water-maze procedure in which rats learn to escape from opaque water onto a hidden platform are described, suggesting that they may lend themselves to a variety of behavioural investigations, including pharmacological work and studies of cerebral function.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD): Part II. Standardization of the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimer's disease
Suzanne S. Mirra,Albert Heyman,Daniel W. McKeel,S. M. Sumi,Barbara J. Crain,L. M. Brownlee,Vogel Fs,James P. Hughes,van Belle G,Leonard Berg +9 more
TL;DR: The Neuropathology Task Force of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) has developed a practical and standardized neuropathology protocol for the postmortem assessment of dementia and control subjects, which provides neuropathologic definitions of such terms as “definite Alzheimer's disease” (AD), “probable AD,” “possible AD” and “normal brain” to indicate levels of diagnostic certainty.
Journal ArticleDOI
Segregation of a missense mutation in the amyloid precursor protein gene with familial Alzheimer's disease.
Alison Goate,Marie-Christine Chartier-Harlin,Michael Mullan,Jeremy P Brown,Fiona Crawford,Liana Fidani,L. Giuffra,Andrew Haynes,N.G. Irving,Louise James,R. Mant,Phillippa Newton,Karen Rooke,P Roques,Christopher Talbot,Margaret A. Pericak-Vance,Alien D. Roses,Robert Williamson,Martin N. Rossor,Michael John Owen,John Hardy +20 more
TL;DR: A locus segregating with familial Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been mapped to chromosome 21, close to the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene as discussed by the authors, which suggests that some cases of AD could be caused by mutations in the APP gene.
Segregation of a missense mutation in the amyloid precursor protein gene with familial alzheimers-disease
A. Goate,M-C. Chartier-Harlin,Michael Mullan,J Brown,Fiona Crawford,Liana Fidani,L Giuffra,A. Haynes,N Irving,L James,R Mant,P. J. Newton,K Rooke,P Roques,C. Conover Talbot,Pericak-Vance Margareta A,A. Roses,Robert Williamson,Martin N. Rossor,M. J. Owen,John Hardy +20 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that in this kindred, which shows linkage to chromosome 21 markers, there is a point mutation in the APP gene that causes an amino-acid substitution close to the carboxy terminus of the β-amyloid peptide.
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Physical basis of cognitive alterations in Alzheimer's disease: synapse loss is the major correlate of cognitive impairment.
Robert D. Terry,Eliezer Masliah,David P. Salmon,Nelson Butters,Richard DeTeresa,Robert Hill,Lawrence A. Hansen,Robert Katzman +7 more
TL;DR: Both linear regressions and multivariate analyses correlating three global neuropsychological tests with a number of structural and neurochemical measurements performed on a prospective series of patients with Alzheimer's disease and 9 neuropathologically normal subjects reveal very powerful correlations with all three psychological assays.
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