Journal ArticleDOI
Potential of long non-coding RNAs in cancer patients: From biomarkers to therapeutic targets
TLDR
LncRNAs are emerging as convenient and minimally invasive diagnostic/prognostic markers, and also as therapeutic target for the selective killing of cancer cells in patients.Abstract:
Because of high specificity and easy detection in the tissues, serum, plasma, urine and saliva, interest in exploring the potential of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer patients continues to increase. LncRNAs have shown potential as a biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis of bladder cancer, prostate cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer and many other cancer types. Some lncRNAs have also been used as adjunct to improve the specificity and sensitivity of existing biomarkers. The molecular tools such as RNA-seq, RNA-FISH, ic-SHAPE and quantitative real-time PCR have been used for examining the lncRNAs' potential. Some lncRNAs such as PCA3 is now routinely used in the clinic for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in lncRNAs can also be used as a predictor of cancer risk. Although ongoing studies continue to unravel the underlying mechanism, some lncRNAs have been used as therapeutic targets for the selective killing of cancer cells in patients. Thus lncRNAs are emerging as convenient and minimally invasive diagnostic/prognostic markers, and also as therapeutic target. Companies such as the Curna Inc., MiNA Therapeutics Ltd. and RaNA Therapeutics Inc. have been taking steps to develop lncRNA based strategies against cancer. In this review, we discuss the potential of lncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer patients.read more
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Patent
Method for identifying polymorphism of human gastric cancer BCAR4 gene rs4561483 by BsrGI
Chen Xiaobing,Chen Beibei,Lyu Huifang,Caiyun Nie,Bie Liangyu,Han Lili,Song Mengmeng,Peng Rui +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, a method for identifying the polymorphism of a human BCAR4 gene rs4561483 by BsrGI is described, which comprises the steps that genome DNA of a sample is extracted; a forward primer and backward primer used for amplifying a sequence in the periphery of a BCAR 4 gene polymorphism rs456 1483 site are provided, and a to-be-measured human genome DNA is taken as a template to conduct PCR amplification reaction to obtain an amplification product; restriction digestion is conducted on the amplification product by using restriction enzyme to obtain a
Journal ArticleDOI
Long noncoding RNA HOXC-AS3 interacts with CDK2 to promote proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma
Chen Su,Weijian Wang,Jie Mo,Furong Liu,Hongwei Zhang,Yachong Liu,Xiaoping Chen,Zhibin Liao,Bixiang Zhang,Peng-Cheng Zhu +9 more
TL;DR: The role of HOXC-AS3 in HCC was assessed both in vitro and in vivo using qRT-PCR in this paper , where RNA pulldown, RIP and co-IP were used to demonstrate the potential mechanism by which HOXc-AS-3 regulates the progression of HCC.
Journal ArticleDOI
Long non-coding RNAs in bone metastasis: progresses and perspectives as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers
TL;DR: In this article , the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as emerging molecules in mediating the formation and development of bone metastases, as possible biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, and as therapeutic targets to counteract cancer spread.
Book ChapterDOI
RNome in Cancer Therapy
Mansi Arora,Deepak Kaul +1 more
TL;DR: The use of ncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in different types of cancer is discussed and their contribution to intrinsic and acquired chemoresistance of cancer cells and strategies for modulating the abundance and functions of both coding and non-coding RNAs in vivo are discussed.
References
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Global cancer statistics
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Journal ArticleDOI
Long non-coding RNAs: insights into functions
TL;DR: The rapidly advancing field of long ncRNAs is reviewed, describing their conservation, their organization in the genome and their roles in gene regulation, and the medical implications.
Journal ArticleDOI
Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR reprograms chromatin state to promote cancer metastasis
Rajnish A. Gupta,Nilay Shah,Kevin C. Wang,Jeewon Kim,Hugo M. Horlings,David J. Wong,Miao-Chih Tsai,Tiffany Hung,Pedram Argani,John L. Rinn,Yulei Wang,Pius Brzoska,Benjamin Kong,Rui-Chun Li,Robert B. West,Marc J. van de Vijver,Saraswati Sukumar,Howard Y. Chang +17 more
TL;DR: It is shown that lincRNAs in the HOX loci become systematically dysregulated during breast cancer progression, indicating that l incRNAs have active roles in modulating the cancer epigenome and may be important targets for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genome-Scale CRISPR-Cas9 Knockout Screening in Human Cells
Ophir Shalem,Ophir Shalem,Neville E. Sanjana,Neville E. Sanjana,Ella Hartenian,Xi-Shun Shi,David A. Scott,David A. Scott,Tarjei S. Mikkelsen,Dirk Heckl,Benjamin L. Ebert,David E. Root,John G. Doench,Feng Zhang,Feng Zhang +14 more
TL;DR: This work shows that lentiviral delivery of a genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 knockout (GeCKO) library targeting 18,080 genes with 64,751 unique guide sequences enables both negative and positive selection screening in human cells, and observes a high level of consistency between independent guide RNAs targeting the same gene and a high rate of hit confirmation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Potential etiologic and functional implications of genome-wide association loci for human diseases and traits
Lucia A. Hindorff,Praveen Sethupathy,Heather Junkins,Erin M. Ramos,Jayashri P. Mehta,Francis S. Collins,Teri A. Manolio +6 more
TL;DR: An online catalog of SNP-trait associations from published genome-wide association studies for use in investigating genomic characteristics of trait/disease-associated SNPs (TASs) is developed, well-suited to guide future investigations of the role of common variants in complex disease etiology.