Journal ArticleDOI
Potential virulence factors of Proteus bacilli.
TLDR
The genus Proteus, which contains bacteria considered now to belong to the opportunistic pathogens, has its most characteristic attribute, swarming growth, enabling them to colonize and survive in higher organisms.Abstract:
The object of this review is the genus Proteus, which contains bacteria considered now to belong to the opportunistic pathogens. Widely distributed in nature (in soil, water, and sewage), Proteus species play a significant ecological role. When present in the niches of higher macroorganisms, these species are able to evoke pathological events in different regions of the human body. The invaders (Proteus mirabilis, P. vulgaris, and P. penneri) have numerous factors including fimbriae, flagella, outer membrane proteins, lipopolysaccharide, capsule antigen, urease, immunoglobulin A proteases, hemolysins, amino acid deaminases, and, finally, the most characteristic attribute of Proteus, swarming growth, enabling them to colonize and survive in higher organisms. All these features and factors are described and commented on in detail. The questions important for future investigation of these facultatively pathogenic microorganisms are also discussed.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Evidence that putrescine acts as an extracellular signal required for swarming in Proteus mirabilis.
TL;DR: Exogenous putrescine restored both the normal timing of swarmer cell differentiation and the ability to migrate to speB mutants and was also observed in a strain containing a disruption of the downstream speB gene.
Book ChapterDOI
The Genera Proteus, Providencia, and Morganella
Jim Manos,Robert Belas +1 more
TL;DR: The three genera Proteus, Morganella and Providencia presently comprise a total of ten species, which are motile, Gram-negative rods with peritrichous flagella, and are assigned to the Enterobacteriaceae family mainly on the basis of shared biochemical characteristics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Domain 5 of high molecular weight kininogen is antibacterial.
TL;DR: A novel antimicrobial activity of the heparin-binding and cell-binding domain 5 of high molecular weight kininogen is demonstrated, which efficiently killed the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Emerging Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases in Proteus mirabilis
Laura Pagani,Roberta Migliavacca,Lucia Pallecchi,Cecilia Matti,Ernesto Giacobone,Gianfranco Amicosante,Egidio Romero,Gian Maria Rossolini +7 more
TL;DR: Analysis of clonal diversity of the ESBL producers suggested different spreading patterns for the two ESBL determinants, which are identified as PER-1 and TEM-52 in 52 and 18 isolates, respectively.
Journal ArticleDOI
Proteus spp. as Putative Gastrointestinal Pathogens
TL;DR: Proteus species are low-abundance commensals of the human gut that harbor significant pathogenic potential; further investigation is needed.
References
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