Random Forests
Leo Breiman
- Vol. 45, Iss: 1, pp 5-32
TLDR
Internal estimates monitor error, strength, and correlation and these are used to show the response to increasing the number of features used in the forest, and are also applicable to regression.Abstract:
Random forests are a combination of tree predictors such that each tree depends on the values of a random vector sampled independently and with the same distribution for all trees in the forest. The generalization error for forests converges a.s. to a limit as the number of trees in the forest becomes large. The generalization error of a forest of tree classifiers depends on the strength of the individual trees in the forest and the correlation between them. Using a random selection of features to split each node yields error rates that compare favorably to Adaboost (Y. Freund & R. Schapire, Machine Learning: Proceedings of the Thirteenth International conference, aaa, 148–156), but are more robust with respect to noise. Internal estimates monitor error, strength, and correlation and these are used to show the response to increasing the number of features used in the splitting. Internal estimates are also used to measure variable importance. These ideas are also applicable to regression.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Prediction of undrained shear strength using extreme gradient boosting and random forest based on Bayesian optimization
TL;DR: Novel data-driven extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and random forest ensemble learning methods are applied for capturing the relationships between the USS and various basic soil parameters to predict undrained shear strength of soft clays.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hierarchical mapping of annual global land cover 2001 to present: The MODIS Collection 6 Land Cover product
TL;DR: The MODIS Collection 6 Global Land Cover Type product (CLP 6) as discussed by the authors uses a hierarchical classification model where the classes included in each level of the hierarchy reflect structured distinctions between land cover properties.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Comparative Study on Machine Learning Algorithms for Smart Manufacturing: Tool Wear Prediction Using Random Forests
TL;DR: Experimental results have shown that RFs can generate more accurate predictions than FFBP ANNs with a single hidden layer and SVR, and experimental results have also shown thatRFs can be more accurate than support vector regression (SVR) without a hidden layer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Using tri-axial acceleration data to identify behavioral modes of free-ranging animals: general concepts and tools illustrated for griffon vultures
Ran Nathan,Orr Spiegel,Scott Fortmann-Roe,Roi Harel,Martin Wikelski,Wayne M. Getz,Wayne M. Getz +6 more
TL;DR: This work focuses on the use of tri-axial acceleration (ACC) data to identify behavioral modes of GPS-tracked free-ranging wild animals and illustrates how ACC-identified behavioral modes provide the means to examine how vulture flight is affected by environmental factors, hence facilitating the integration of behavioral, biomechanical and ecological data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hyperparameters and Tuning Strategies for Random Forest
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a literature review on the parameters' influence on the prediction performance and on variable importance measures, and demonstrate the application of one of the most established tuning strategies, model-based optimization (MBO).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Bagging predictors
TL;DR: Tests on real and simulated data sets using classification and regression trees and subset selection in linear regression show that bagging can give substantial gains in accuracy.
Proceedings Article
Experiments with a new boosting algorithm
Yoav Freund,Robert E. Schapire +1 more
TL;DR: This paper describes experiments carried out to assess how well AdaBoost with and without pseudo-loss, performs on real learning problems and compared boosting to Breiman's "bagging" method when used to aggregate various classifiers.
Journal ArticleDOI
The random subspace method for constructing decision forests
TL;DR: A method to construct a decision tree based classifier is proposed that maintains highest accuracy on training data and improves on generalization accuracy as it grows in complexity.
Journal ArticleDOI
An Experimental Comparison of Three Methods for Constructing Ensembles of Decision Trees: Bagging, Boosting, and Randomization
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the effectiveness of randomization, bagging, and boosting for improving the performance of the decision-tree algorithm C4.5 and found that in situations with little or no classification noise, randomization is competitive with bagging but not as accurate as boosting.
Journal ArticleDOI
An Empirical Comparison of Voting Classification Algorithms: Bagging, Boosting, and Variants
Eric Bauer,Ron Kohavi +1 more
TL;DR: It is found that Bagging improves when probabilistic estimates in conjunction with no-pruning are used, as well as when the data was backfit, and that Arc-x4 behaves differently than AdaBoost if reweighting is used instead of resampling, indicating a fundamental difference.