Rhizosphere processes are quantitatively important components of terrestrial carbon and nutrient cycles.
Adrien C. Finzi,R. Z. Abramoff,Kimberly S. Spiller,Edward R. Brzostek,Bridget A. Darby,Bridget A. Darby,Mark A. Kramer,Richard P. Phillips +7 more
TLDR
It is shown that root-accelerated mineralization and priming can account for up to one-third of the total C and N mineralized in temperate forest soils and that rhizosphere processes are a widespread, quantitatively important driver of SOM decomposition and nutrient release at the ecosystem scale.Abstract:
While there is an emerging view that roots and their associated microbes actively alter resource availability and soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition, the ecosystem consequences of such rhizosphere effects have rarely been quantified. Using a meta-analysis, we show that multiple indices of microbially mediated C and nitrogen (N) cycling, including SOM decomposition, are significantly enhanced in the rhizospheres of diverse vegetation types. Then, using a numerical model that combines rhizosphere effect sizes with fine root morphology and depth distributions, we show that root-accelerated mineralization and priming can account for up to one-third of the total C and N mineralized in temperate forest soils. Finally, using a stoichiometrically constrained microbial decomposition model, we show that these effects can be induced by relatively modest fluxes of root-derived C, on the order of 4% and 6% of gross and net primary production, respectively. Collectively, our results indicate that rhizosphere processes are a widespread, quantitatively important driver of SOM decomposition and nutrient release at the ecosystem scale, with potential consequences for global C stocks and vegetation feedbacks to climate.read more
Citations
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Forest Soil Bacteria: Diversity, Involvement in Ecosystem Processes, and Response to Global Change
TL;DR: Bacteria contribute to a range of essential soil processes involved in the cycling of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, and mediate multiple critical steps in the nitrogen cycle, including N fixation.
Rhizosphere Priming: a Nutrient Perspective
TL;DR: It is postulate that rhizosphere priming may enhance N supply to plants in systems that are N limited, but thatrhizospherePriming may not occur in Systems that are phosphorus (P) limited, because under P limitation, rhizodeposition may be used for mobilization of P, rather than for decomposition of SOM.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbial formation of stable soil carbon is more efficient from belowground than aboveground input
TL;DR: In this article, the relative contributions of aboveground versus belowground plant carbon inputs to the stable soil organic carbon pool are the subject of much debate, with direct implications for how the carbon cycle is modelled and managed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biogeochemical cycles and biodiversity as key drivers of ecosystem services provided by soils
Pete Smith,Maria Francesca Cotrufo,Cornelia Rumpel,Keith Paustian,Peter Kuikman,Jane A. Elliott,Richard W. McDowell,Robert I. Griffiths,Susumu Asakawa,Mercedes M. C. Bustamante,Joanna Isobel House,J. Sobocká,Richard J. Harper,Genxing Pan,Paul C. West,James S. Gerber,Joanna M. Clark,Tapan Kumar Adhya,Robert J. Scholes,Mary C. Scholes +19 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report the state-of-the-art understanding concerning the biogeochemical cycles and biodiversity in soil, and relate these to the provisioning, regulating, supporting, and cultural ecosystem services which they underpin.
Journal ArticleDOI
Control Points in Ecosystems: Moving Beyond the Hot Spot Hot Moment Concept
Emily S. Bernhardt,Joanna R. Blaszczak,Cari D. Ficken,Megan L. Fork,K. E. Kaiser,E. C. Seybold +5 more
TL;DR: The concept of hot spots and hot moments (HSHM) was coined by McClain et al. as discussed by the authors to describe the potential for rare places and rare events to exert a disproportionate influence on the movement of elements at the scale of landscapes and ecosystems.
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reveal possible causes and processes leading to priming actions using the references on agricultural ecosystems and model experiments, and summarize in Tables for positive and negative real and apparent priming effects induced after the addition of different organic and mineral substances to the soil.
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Organic acids in the rhizosphere: a critical review
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the role of organic acids in rhizosphere processes is presented, which includes information on organic acid levels in plants (concentrations, compartmentalisation, spatial aspects, synthesis), plant efflux (passive versus active transport, theoretical versus experimental considerations), soil reactions (soil solution concentrations, sorption) and microbial considerations (mineralization).
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Nitrogen mineralization: challenges of a changing paradigm
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