Journal ArticleDOI
Sequence-specific packaging of DNA in human sperm chromatin
TLDR
The existence of sequence-specific nucleohistone and nucleoprotamine components within the human spermatozoon was demonstrated by cloning size-selected single-copy sequences and by using the derived clones as probes of nucleohistsone DNA and nucleobrotamine DNA.Abstract:Â
The DNA in human sperm chromatin is packaged into nucleoprotamine (approximately 85%) and nucleohistone (approximately 15%). Whether these two chromatin fractions are sequence-specific subsets of the spermatozoon genome is the question addressed in this report. Sequence-specific packaging would suggest distinct structural and functional roles for the nucleohistone and nucleoprotamine in late spermatogenesis or early development or both. After removal of histones with 0.65M NaCl, exposed DNA was cleaved with Bam HI restriction endonuclease and separated by centrifugation from insoluble nucleoprotamine. The DNA sequence distribution of nucleohistone DNA in the supernatant and nucleoprotamine DNA in the pellet was compared by cloning size-selected single-copy sequences and by using the derived clones as probes of nucleohistone DNA and nucleoprotamine DNA. Two clones derived from nucleohistone DNA preferentially hybridized to nucleohistone DNA, and two clones derived from nucleoprotamine DNA preferentially hybridized to nucleoprotamine DNA, which demonstrated the existence of sequence-specific nucleohistone and nucleoprotamine components within the human spermatozoon.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Potent and specific inhibition of mammalian histone deacetylase both in vivo and in vitro by trichostatin A.
TL;DR: Results clearly indicate that TSA is a potent and specific inhibitor of the histone deacetylase and that the in vivo effect of TSA on cell proliferation and differentiation can be attributed to the inhibition of the enzyme.
Journal ArticleDOI
Protamines and male infertility.
TL;DR: The present work reviews the articles published to date on the relationship between protamines and infertility and finds evidence that altered levels of protamines may result in an increased susceptibility to injury in the spermatozoan DNA causing infertility or poor outcomes in assisted reproduction.
Journal ArticleDOI
DNA packaging and organization in mammalian spermatozoa: comparison with somatic cells.
W S Ward,D S Coffey +1 more
TL;DR: Sperm nuclei contain a unique structure termed the sperm nuclear annulus to which the entire complement of DNA appears to be anchored when the nuclear matrix is disrupted during decondensation, and the structural organization of sperm DNA is likely to be just as vital to the proper functioning of the spermatozoa.
Journal ArticleDOI
Repressive and active histone methylation mark distinct promoters in human and mouse spermatozoa
Urszula Brykczynska,Mizue Hisano,Serap Erkek,Liliana Ramos,Edward J Oakeley,Edward J Oakeley,Tim Roloff,Christian Beisel,Dirk Schübeler,Michael B. Stadler,Antoine H.F.M. Peters +10 more
TL;DR: Two modifications important for Trithorax- and Polycomb-mediated gene regulation have methylation-specific distributions at regulatory regions in human spermatozoa, compatible with a role for Polycomb in repressing somatic determinants across generations, potentially in a variegating manner.
Journal ArticleDOI
The protamine family of sperm nuclear proteins
TL;DR: Comparison of protamine gene and amino-acid sequences suggests that the family evolved from specialized histones through protamine-like proteins to the true protamines.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A model for the structure of chromatin in mammalian sperm.
TL;DR: A model is proposed for the structure of this DNA-protamine complex which describes the site and mode of protamine binding to DNA and postulates, for the first time, specific inter- and intraprotamine interactions essential for the organization of this highly specialized chromatin.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structural and transcriptional features of the mouse spermatid genome.
A L Kierszenbaum,L L Tres +1 more
TL;DR: Spermatogonia, spermatocytes and Sertoli cells are transcriptionally expressed into heterogeneous nuclear RNA and preribosomal RNA species whereas transcription in sperMatids is predominantly heterogeneousnuclear RNA; and the modification of the chromatin patterns in late spermiogenic steps indicates a stabilized genome that restricts transcriptive functions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mouse sperm chromatin proteins: quantitative isolation and partial characterization
TL;DR: Conditions are described that permit the quantitative extraction of chromatin proteins from the epididymal sperm of the mouse and evidence is presented that suggests that this single band contains two protamine-like proteins.
Journal ArticleDOI
Basic nuclear proteins in testicular cells and ejaculated spermatozoa in man.
TL;DR: Comparison of the electrophoretic patterns of histones from human testis, testicular sperm and ejaculated sperm implied that the histones may be removed in the order H2A and H1 before H3, H4 and H2B before TH2B.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reversible Changes in Nucleosome Structure and Histone H3 Accessibility in Transcriptionally Active and Inactive States of rDNA Chromatin
Christopher P. Prior,Charles R. Cantor,Edward M. Johnson,Virginia C. Littau,Vincent G. Allfrey +4 more
TL;DR: The sulfhydryl reagent iodoacetamidofluorescein (IAF) was used to probe the structure of chromatin subunits in transcribed and nontranscribed regions of Physarum rDNA, finding that most of the extended rDNA chromatin contains all four core histones and other prominent proteins.
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DNA packaging and organization in mammalian spermatozoa: comparison with somatic cells.
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