Soil organic carbon pools in the northern circumpolar permafrost region
Charles Tarnocai,Josep G. Canadell,Edward A. G. Schuur,Peter Kuhry,Galina Mazhitova,Sergei Zimov +5 more
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In this article, the authors reported a new estimate of the carbon pools in soils of the northern permafrost region, including deeper layers and pools not accounted for in previous analyses.Abstract:
of all soils in the northern permafrost region is approximately 18,782 � 10 3 km 2 ,o r approximately 16% of the global soil area. In the northern permafrost region, organic soils (peatlands) and cryoturbated permafrost-affected mineral soils have the highest mean soil organic carbon contents (32.2–69.6 kg m �2 ). Here we report a new estimate of the carbon pools in soils of the northern permafrost region, including deeper layers and pools not accounted for in previous analyses. Carbon pools were estimated to be 191.29 Pg for the 0–30 cm depth, 495.80 Pg for the 0–100 cm depth, and 1024.00 Pg for the 0–300 cm depth. Our estimate for the first meter of soil alone is about double that reported for this region in previous analyses. Carbon pools in layers deeper than 300 cm were estimated to be 407 Pg in yedoma deposits and 241 Pg in deltaic deposits. In total, the northern permafrost region contains approximately 1672 Pg of organic carbon, of which approximately 1466 Pg, or 88%, occurs in perennially frozen soils and deposits. This 1672 Pg of organic carbon would account for approximately 50% of the estimated global belowground organic carbon pool.read more
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Microbes in thawing permafrost: the unknown variable in the climate change equation
David E. Graham,Matthew D. Wallenstein,Tatiana A. Vishnivetskaya,Tatiana A. Vishnivetskaya,Mark P. Waldrop,Tommy J. Phelps,Susan M. Pfiffner,Tullis C. Onstott,Lyle G. Whyte,Elizaveta Rivkina,David Gilichinsky,Dwayne A. Elias,Rachel Mackelprang,Rachel Mackelprang,Nathan C Verberkmoes,Robert L. Hettich,Dirk Wagner,Stan D. Wullschleger,Janet K. Jansson,Janet K. Jansson,Janet K. Jansson +20 more
TL;DR: Predicting future carbon fluxes is complicated by the diversity of permafrost environments, ranging from high mountains, southern boreal forests, frozen peatlands and Pleistocene ice complexes up to several hundred meters deep, which vary widely in soil composition, soil organic matter (SOM) quality, hydrology andmore » thermal regimes.
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Nitrification rates in Arctic soils are associated with functionally distinct populations of ammonia-oxidizing archaea
Ricardo J. Eloy Alves,Wolfgang Wanek,Anna Zappe,Andreas Richter,Mette M. Svenning,Christa Schleper,Tim Urich +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed 11 Arctic soils through a polyphasic approach, integrating determination of gross nitrification rates, qualitative and quantitative marker gene analyses of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) and enrichment of AOA in laboratory cultures.
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Differential responses of soil microbial biomass and carbon-degrading enzyme activities to altered precipitation
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of altered precipitation on the microbial biomass, microbial EEAs, and mechanism for soil C dynamics has not been established; however, the results showed that increased precipitation significantly enhanced soil microbial biomass and oxidative C-degrading extracellular enzymes activities (Ox-EEAs) by 16.18% and 6.58%, respectively, but had no effects on hydrolytic C-degradrading EEAs (Hy-EEA).
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Biomass burning fuel consumption rates: a field measurement database
T. T. van Leeuwen,T. T. van Leeuwen,G. R. van der Werf,Ary A. Hoffmann,Rob Detmers,Rob Detmers,G. Rucker,Nancy H. F. French,Sally Archibald,Sally Archibald,João Andrade de Carvalho,Garry D. Cook,W. J. de Groot,Christelle Hély,Eric S. Kasischke,Silvia Kloster,Jessica L. McCarty,M.L. Pettinari,Patrice Savadogo,Ernesto Alvarado,Luigi Boschetti,Solichin Manuri,C. P. Meyer,Florian Siegert,L.A. Trollope,W.S.W. Trollope +25 more
TL;DR: The workshop that led to this paper was sponsored by the EU FP7 COCOS project as discussed by the authors, and the authors acknowledge funding from the European FP7 MACC-II project (contract number 218793) and the EUFP7 GeoCarbon project (Contract number 283080).
Journal ArticleDOI
A pan-Arctic synthesis of CH 4 and CO 2 production from anoxic soil incubations
Claire C. Treat,Susan M. Natali,Jessica G. Ernakovich,Colleen M. Iversen,Massimo Lupascu,A. D. McGuire,Richard J. Norby,Taniya Roy Chowdhury,Andreas Richter,Hana Šantrůčková,Christina Schädel,Edward A. G. Schuur,Victoria L. Sloan,Merritt R. Turetsky,Mark P. Waldrop +14 more
TL;DR: The results demonstrate that as climate warms in arctic and boreal regions, rates of anaerobic CO2 and CH4 production will increase, not only as a result of increased temperature, but also from shifts in vegetation and increased ground saturation that will accompany permafrost thaw.
References
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