Stat6 Is Required for Mediating Responses to IL-4 and for the Development of Th2 Cells
TLDR
It is demonstrated that, despite the existence of multiple signaling pathways activated by IL-4, Stat6 is essential for mediating responses toIL-4 lymphocytes.About:
This article is published in Immunity.The article was published on 1996-03-01 and is currently open access. It has received 1624 citations till now.read more
Citations
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Immunologic self-tolerance maintained by activated T cells expressing IL-2 receptor alpha-chains (CD25). Breakdown of a single mechanism of self-tolerance causes various autoimmune diseases.
TL;DR: The authors showed that CD4+CD25+ cells contribute to maintaining self-tolerance by downregulating immune response to self and non-self Ags in an Ag-nonspecific manner, presumably at the T cell activation stage.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional diversity of helper T lymphocytes.
TL;DR: The existence of subsets of CD4+ helper T lymphocytes that differ in their cytokine secretion patterns and effector functions provides a framework for understanding the heterogeneity of normal and pathological immune responses.
Journal ArticleDOI
STATs and Gene Regulation
TL;DR: The discovery of a STAT in Drosophila, and most recently in Dictyostelium discoideum, implies an ancient evolutionary origin for this dual-function set of proteins.
Journal ArticleDOI
Differentiation of Effector CD4 T Cell Populations
TL;DR: This review summarizes the discovery, functions, and relationships among Th cells; the cytokine and signaling requirements for their development; the networks of transcription factors involved in their differentiation; the epigenetic regulation of their key cytokines and transcription factors; and human diseases involving defective CD4 T cell differentiation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stat3 as an Oncogene
Jacqueline Bromberg,Melissa H. Wrzeszczynska,Geeta Devgan,Yanxiang Zhao,Richard G. Pestell,Chris Albanese,James E. Darnell +6 more
TL;DR: Substitution of two cysteine residues within the C-terminal loop of the SH2 domain of Stat3 produces a molecule that dimerizes spontaneously, binds to DNA, and activates transcription.
References
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TL;DR: A procedure for preparing extracts from nuclei of human tissue culture cells that directs accurate transcription initiation in vitro from class II promoters, including tRNA and Ad 2 VA, is developed.
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B7-1 and B7-2 costimulatory molecules activate differentially the Th1/Th2 developmental pathways: Application to autoimmune disease therapy
Vijay K. Kuchroo,Mercy Prabhu Das,Julia A. Brown,Ann M. Ranger,Scott S. Zamvil,Raymond A. Sobel,Howard L. Weiner,Nasrin Nabavi,Laurie H. Glimcher +8 more
TL;DR: Interaction of B 7-1 and B7-2 with shared counterreceptors CD28 and CTLA-4 results in very different outcomes in clinical disease by influencing commitment of precursors to a Th1 or Th2 lineage.
Journal Article
IL-4 directs the development of Th2-like helper effectors.
TL;DR: The concept that different subsets of helper cells, which correspond roughly to Th1 and Th2 subsets, can develop rapidly in short term culture with respectively low vs high levels of IL-4 support the concept that such distinct phenotypes arise from alternate pathways of differentiation.
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Generation and analysis of interleukin-4 deficient mice.
TL;DR: Some but not all of the in vitro properties of IL-4 are critical for the physiology of the immune system in vivo, but the serum levels of IgG1 and IgE are strongly reduced.