Journal ArticleDOI
TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers
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TLDR
The new cellulose-based nanofibers formed by size reduction process of native cellulose fibers by TEMPO-mediated oxidation have potential application as environmentally friendly and new bio- based nanomaterials in high-tech fields.Abstract:
Native wood celluloses can be converted to individual nanofibers 3–4 nm wide that are at least several microns in length, i.e. with aspect ratios >100, by TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical)-mediated oxidation and successive mild disintegration in water. Preparation methods and fundamental characteristics of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCN) are reviewed in this paper. Significant amounts of C6 carboxylate groups are selectively formed on each cellulose microfibril surface by TEMPO-mediated oxidation without any changes to the original crystallinity (∼74%) or crystal width of wood celluloses. Electrostatic repulsion and/or osmotic effects working between anionically-charged cellulose microfibrils, the ζ-potentials of which are approximately −75 mV in water, cause the formation of completely individualized TOCN dispersed in water by gentle mechanical disintegration treatment of TEMPO-oxidized wood cellulose fibers. Self-standing TOCN films are transparent and flexible, with high tensile strengths of 200–300 MPa and elastic moduli of 6–7 GPa. Moreover, TOCN-coated poly(lactic acid) films have extremely low oxygen permeability. The new cellulose-based nanofibers formed by size reduction process of native cellulose fibers by TEMPO-mediated oxidation have potential application as environmentally friendly and new bio-based nanomaterials in high-tech fields.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Wood nanocelluloses: fundamentals and applications as new bio-based nanomaterials
TL;DR: Nanocelluloses, which include nanofibrillated celluloses (NFCs) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), are promising new bio-based nanomaterials, prepared from wood and other plant celluloses by mechanical shearing in water with or without pretreatments as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multiscale Control of Nanocellulose Assembly: Transferring Remarkable Nanoscale Fibril Mechanics to Macroscale Fibers.
Nitesh Mittal,Farhan Ansari,Krishne Gowda.V,Christophe Brouzet,Pan Chen,Per Tomas Larsson,Stephan V. Roth,Fredrik Lundell,Lars Wågberg,Nicholas A. Kotov,L. Daniel Söderberg +10 more
TL;DR: Efficient stress transfer from macroscale to individual CNF due to cross-linking and high degree of order enables their Young's modulus to reach up to 86 GPa and a tensile strength of 1.57 GPa, exceeding the mechanical properties of known natural or synthetic biopolymeric materials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant-derived nanostructures: types and applications
TL;DR: The aim is to provide insight into the use of plants as bio-renewable, sustainable, diversified resources and as platforms for the production of useful nanostructures and NPs, with functions in various fields including medicine, industry, agriculture, and pharmaceuticals.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Self-Assembly of Cellulose Nanocrystals: Hierarchical Design of Visual Appearance.
Richard M. Parker,Giulia Guidetti,Cyan A. Williams,Tianheng H. Zhao,Aurimas Narkevicius,Silvia Vignolini,Bruno Frka-Petesic +6 more
TL;DR: The mechanisms underlying the formation of iridescent, vividly colored materials from colloidal liquid crystal suspensions of cellulose nanocrystals are reviewed and recent advances in structural control over the hierarchical assembly process are reported as a toolbox for the design of sophisticated optical materials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Processing of wood-based microfibrillated cellulose and nanofibrillated cellulose, and applications relating to papermaking: a review
TL;DR: In this article, a review examines the past and current situation of wood-based microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) and nanocellulose (NFC) in relation to its processing and applications relating to papermaking.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
Review: current international research into cellulose nanofibres and nanocomposites
Stephen J. Eichhorn,Alain Dufresne,Mirta Ines Aranguren,Norma Esther Marcovich,Jeffrey B. Capadona,Stuart J. Rowan,Christoph Weder,Wim Thielemans,Maren Roman,Scott Renneckar,Wolfgang Gindl,Stefan Veigel,Jozef Keckes,Hiroyuki Yano,Kentaro Abe,Masaya Nogi,Antonio Norio Nakagaito,A. Mangalam,John Simonsen,A. S. Benight,Alexander Bismarck,Lars Berglund,Ton Peijs +22 more
TL;DR: An overview of recent progress in the area of cellulose nanofibre-based nanocomposites is given in this article, with particular emphasis on applications, such as reinforced adhesives, to make optically transparent paper for electronic displays, to create DNA-hybrid materials, to generate hierarchical composites and for use in foams, aerogels and starch nanocom composites.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cellulose nanofibers prepared by TEMPO-mediated oxidation of native cellulose
TL;DR: Never-Dried and once-dried hardwood celluloses were oxidized by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated system, and highly crystalline and individualized cellulose nanofibers, dispersed in water, were prepared by mechanical treatment of the oxidized celluloses/water slurries.