Journal ArticleDOI
TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers
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TLDR
The new cellulose-based nanofibers formed by size reduction process of native cellulose fibers by TEMPO-mediated oxidation have potential application as environmentally friendly and new bio- based nanomaterials in high-tech fields.Abstract:
Native wood celluloses can be converted to individual nanofibers 3–4 nm wide that are at least several microns in length, i.e. with aspect ratios >100, by TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical)-mediated oxidation and successive mild disintegration in water. Preparation methods and fundamental characteristics of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCN) are reviewed in this paper. Significant amounts of C6 carboxylate groups are selectively formed on each cellulose microfibril surface by TEMPO-mediated oxidation without any changes to the original crystallinity (∼74%) or crystal width of wood celluloses. Electrostatic repulsion and/or osmotic effects working between anionically-charged cellulose microfibrils, the ζ-potentials of which are approximately −75 mV in water, cause the formation of completely individualized TOCN dispersed in water by gentle mechanical disintegration treatment of TEMPO-oxidized wood cellulose fibers. Self-standing TOCN films are transparent and flexible, with high tensile strengths of 200–300 MPa and elastic moduli of 6–7 GPa. Moreover, TOCN-coated poly(lactic acid) films have extremely low oxygen permeability. The new cellulose-based nanofibers formed by size reduction process of native cellulose fibers by TEMPO-mediated oxidation have potential application as environmentally friendly and new bio-based nanomaterials in high-tech fields.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Exploring the nature of cellulose microfibrils.
TL;DR: The degree of oxidation and solid-state (13)C NMR characterizations indicated that, in addition to the surface molecules, some inner molecules of microfibrils were also oxidized, facilitating the delamination into cellulose nanostrips.
Journal ArticleDOI
Production of Nanocellulose Using Citric Acid in a Biorefinery Concept: Effect of the Hydrolysis Reaction Time and Techno-Economic Analysis
Thalita J. Bondancia,Thalita J. Bondancia,Jessica de Aguiar,Jessica de Aguiar,Gustavo Batista,Antonio José Gonçalves Cruz,José Manoel Marconcini,José Manoel Marconcini,Luiz H. C. Mattoso,Luiz H. C. Mattoso,Cristiane S. Farinas,Cristiane S. Farinas +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a wide range of potential applications in different industrial sectors, due to their renewable energy properties, have been discussed, such as cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) and cellulose nanocellulosic materials (CNC).
Journal ArticleDOI
Low-birefringent and highly tough nanocellulose-reinforced cellulose triacetate.
TL;DR: PEG-TOCNs are applicable to the reinforcement for transparent optical films, resulting in the Young's modulus and toughness of CTA film being significantly improved by PEG-grafted TOCN addition.
Journal ArticleDOI
The influences of added polysaccharides on the properties of bacterial crystalline nanocellulose.
Kai Chi,Jeffrey M. Catchmark +1 more
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that the improvement in CNC characteristics results from a change in amorphous cellulose formation in the native BC, and suggested that improved feedstocks for producing CNCs may be obtained by modulating hemicellulose production in plants.
Journal ArticleDOI
All-cellulose composites based on the self-reinforced effect
TL;DR: A short review of the preparation methods and controllable parameters of all-cellulose composites can be found in this article, where the main influencing factors and effective strategies to improve their properties are discussed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
Cellulose nanofibers prepared by TEMPO-mediated oxidation of native cellulose
TL;DR: Never-Dried and once-dried hardwood celluloses were oxidized by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated system, and highly crystalline and individualized cellulose nanofibers, dispersed in water, were prepared by mechanical treatment of the oxidized celluloses/water slurries.