Journal ArticleDOI
The Blood-Brain Barrier Regulatory Roles in Wakefulness and Sleep
Weihong Pan,Abba J. Kastin +1 more
TLDR
After reading the review, the general audience should be convinced that the BBB is an important mediating interface for sleep-wake regulation and a crucial relay station of mind-body crosstalk.Abstract:
Sleep and its disorders are known to affect the functions of essential organs and systems in the body. However, very little is known about how the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is regulated. A few years ago, we launched a project to determine the impact of sleep fragmentation and chronic sleep restriction on BBB functions, including permeability to fluorescent tracers, tight junction protein expression and distribution, glucose and other solute transporter activities, and mediation of cellular mechanisms. Recent publications and relevant literature allow us to summarize here the sleep-BBB interactions in five sections: (1) the structural basis enabling the BBB to serve as a huge regulatory interface; (2) BBB transport and permeation of substances participating in sleep-wake regulation; (3) the circadian rhythm of BBB function; (4) the effect of experimental sleep disruption maneuvers on BBB activities, including regional heterogeneity, possible threshold effect, and reversibility; and (5) implications of sleep disruption-induced BBB dysfunction in neurodegeneration and CNS autoimmune diseases. After reading the review, the general audience should be convinced that the BBB is an important mediating interface for sleep-wake regulation and a crucial relay station of mind-body crosstalk. The pharmaceutical industry should take into consideration that sleep disruption alters the pharmacokinetics of BBB permeation and CNS drug delivery, being attentive to the chrono timing and activation of co-transporters in subjects with sleep disorders.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Sleep and inflammation: partners in sickness and in health.
TL;DR: The current understanding of the relationship between sleep dynamics and host defence mechanisms is described, with a focus on cytokine responses, the neuroendocrine and autonomic pathways that connect sleep with the immune system and the role of inflammatory peptides in the homeostatic regulation of sleep.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sleep Health: Reciprocal Regulation of Sleep and Innate Immunity
Michael R. Irwin,Mark R. Opp +1 more
TL;DR: Interactions between sleep and inflammatory biology mechanisms underscore the implications of sleep disturbance for inflammatory disease risk, and provide a map to guide the development of treatments that modulate inflammation, improve sleep, and promote sleep health.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neuronal regulation of the blood–brain barrier and neurovascular coupling
TL;DR: The homeostatic CNS environment is maintained by the function of the blood–blood barrier and neurovascular coupling, which ensures that, following local neural activation, regional blood flow is increased to quickly supply more nutrients and remove metabolic waste.
Journal ArticleDOI
Blood–Brain Barrier Dynamics to Maintain Brain Homeostasis
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarize how the BBB integrity adjusts in critical stages along the life span, as well as how BBB permeability can be altered by common stressors derived from nutritional habits, environmental factors and psychological stress.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interaction between blood-brain barrier and glymphatic system in solute clearance.
Inge C.M. Verheggen,M.P.J. van Boxtel,Frans R.J. Verhey,Jacobus F.A. Jansen,Walter H. Backes +4 more
TL;DR: The glymphatic system was discovered, in which cerebrospinal fluid is exchanged with interstitial fluid, facilitated by the aquaporin‐4 water channels on the astroglial endfeet, which can clear solutes from the interstitial space.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Structure and function of the blood–brain barrier
TL;DR: The structure and function of the BBB is summarised, the physical barrier formed by the endothelial tight junctions, and the transport barrier resulting from membrane transporters and vesicular mechanisms are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sleep Drives Metabolite Clearance From the Adult Brain
Lulu Xie,Hongyi Kang,Qiwu Xu,Michael Chen,Yonghong Liao,Meenakshisundaram Thiyagarajan,John O’Donnell,Daniel J. Christensen,Charles Nicholson,Jeffrey J. Iliff,Takahiro Takano,Rashid Deane +11 more
TL;DR: It is reported that sleep has a critical function in ensuring metabolic homeostasis and convective fluxes of interstitial fluid increased the rate of β-amyloid clearance during sleep, suggesting the restorative function of sleep may be a consequence of the enhanced removal of potentially neurotoxic waste products that accumulate in the awake central nervous system.
Journal ArticleDOI
Leptin enters the brain by a saturable system independent of insulin.
William A. Banks,Abba J. Kastin,Abba J. Kastin,Weitao Huang,Weitao Huang,Jonathan B. Jaspan,Jonathan B. Jaspan,Lawrence M. Maness,Lawrence M. Maness +8 more
TL;DR: Results show that leptin is transported intact from blood to brain by a saturable system and inhibited the influx of 125I-leptin in a dose-dependent manner whereas unlabeled tyrosine and insulin, which have saturable transport systems, were without effect.
Journal ArticleDOI
Amyloid-β Dynamics Are Regulated by Orexin and the Sleep-Wake Cycle
Jae Eun Kang,Miranda M. Lim,Randall J. Bateman,Jonghyeob Lee,Liam P. Smyth,John R. Cirrito,Nobuhiro Fujiki,Seiji Nishino,David M. Holtzman +8 more
TL;DR: It is found that brain interstitial fluid levels of Aβ were significantly correlated with wakefulness and negatively correlated with sleep, and chronic sleep restriction significantly increased, and a dual orexin receptor antagonist decreased, Aβ plaque formation in amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice.