Journal ArticleDOI
The costs and benefits of mind-wandering: a review
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TLDR
Recent studies have shown that mind-wandering may play a crucial role in both autobiographical planning and creative problem solving, thus providing at least two possible adaptive functions of the phenomenon.Abstract:
Substantial evidence suggests that mind-wandering typically occurs at a significant cost to performance. Mind-wandering-related deficits in performance have been observed in many contexts, most notably reading, tests of sustained attention, and tests of aptitude. Mind-wandering has been shown to negatively impact reading comprehension and model building, impair the ability to withhold automatized responses, and disrupt performance on tests of working memory and intelligence. These empirically identified costs of mind-wandering have led to the suggestion that mind-wandering may represent a pure failure of cognitive control and thus pose little benefit. However, emerging evidence suggests that the role of mind-wandering is not entirely pernicious. Recent studies have shown that mind-wandering may play a crucial role in both autobiographical planning and creative problem solving, thus providing at least two possible adaptive functions of the phenomenon. This article reviews these observed costs and possible functions of mind-wandering and identifies important avenues of future inquiry.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
More mind wandering, fewer original ideas: be not distracted during creative idea generation.
TL;DR: The findings suggest that the MW during the course of creative idea generation is negatively related to creativity, perhaps because the control processes involved in idea generation are impaired by the mind wandering.
Journal ArticleDOI
Trigger Warnings Are Trivially Helpful at Reducing Negative Affect, Intrusive Thoughts, and Avoidance:
TL;DR: This paper found that trigger warnings had trivial effects, and people reported similar levels of negative affect, intrusions, and avoidance regardless of whether they had received a trigger warning, and these patterns were similar among people with a history of trauma.
Book ChapterDOI
Automatic Gaze-Based Detection of Mind Wandering with Metacognitive Awareness
Robert Bixler,Sidney K. D'Mello +1 more
TL;DR: An automated gaze-based detector of self-caught mind wandering is proposed, revealing that during MW, users made more regression fixations, had longer saccades that crossed lines more often, and had more uniform fixation durations, indicating a violation from normal reading patterns.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mind Wandering and Task-Focused Attention: ERP Correlates
Óscar F. Gonçalves,Gabriel Gaudencio Rêgo,Tatiana Conde,Tatiana Conde,Jorge Leite,Jorge Leite,Sandra Carvalho,Sandra Carvalho,Olivia Morgan Lapenta,Olivia Morgan Lapenta,Paulo S. Boggio +10 more
TL;DR: Test if, given similar levels of ANT performance, individuals predominantly focusing on MW or FA show distinct cortical processing, and results remained true irrespective of the MW condition, suggesting that MW imposed no additional cortical demand in alert, orienting, and conflict attention tasks.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gamification of Learning Deactivates the Default Mode Network.
TL;DR: Results support the significance of DMN deactivation for educational learning, and are aligned with recent evidence suggesting DMN and WMN activity may not always be anti-correlated.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: The basic theme of the review is that eye movement data reflect moment-to-moment cognitive processes in the various tasks examined.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Wandering Mind Is an Unhappy Mind
TL;DR: The iPhone Hap App reveals that wandering thoughts lead to unhappiness and that doing so typically makes people unhappy.
Journal ArticleDOI
'Oops!': performance correlates of everyday attentional failures in traumatic brain injured and normal subjects
TL;DR: It is shown that errors on the SART can be predicted by a significant shortening of reaction times in the immediately preceding responses, supporting the view that these errors are a result of 'drift' of controlled processing into automatic responding consequent on impaired sustained attention to task.
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The restless mind
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the hypothesis that mind-wandering can be integrated into standard executive models of attention and show that it often occurs in the absence of explicit intention.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mindfulness Training Improves Working Memory Capacity and GRE Performance While Reducing Mind Wandering
TL;DR: Cultivating mindfulness is an effective and efficient technique for improving cognitive function, with wide-reaching consequences, and improves both GRE reading-comprehension scores and working memory capacity.