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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

The Dynamic SecYEG Translocon.

TLDR
In this paper, the authors summarize the current knowledge about SecYEG-mediated protein transport, primarily in the model organism Escherichia coli, and describe the dynamic interaction of the SecYeg translocon with its multiple partner proteins.
Abstract
The spatial and temporal coordination of protein transport is an essential cornerstone of the bacterial adaptation to different environmental conditions. By adjusting the protein composition of extra-cytosolic compartments, like the inner and outer membranes or the periplasmic space, protein transport mechanisms help shaping protein homeostasis in response to various metabolic cues. The universally conserved SecYEG translocon acts at the center of bacterial protein transport and mediates the translocation of newly synthesized proteins into and across the cytoplasmic membrane. The ability of the SecYEG translocon to transport an enormous variety of different substrates is in part determined by its ability to interact with multiple targeting factors, chaperones and accessory proteins. These interactions are crucial for the assisted passage of newly synthesized proteins from the cytosol into the different bacterial compartments. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about SecYEG-mediated protein transport, primarily in the model organism Escherichia coli, and describe the dynamic interaction of the SecYEG translocon with its multiple partner proteins. We furthermore highlight how protein transport is regulated and explore recent developments in using the SecYEG translocon as an antimicrobial target.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Membrane protein biogenesis at the ER: the highways and byways.

TL;DR: The Sec61 complex is the major protein translocation channel of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where it plays a central role in the biogenesis of membrane and secretory proteins.
Journal ArticleDOI

How do Chaperones Bind (Partly) Unfolded Client Proteins

TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on chaperone-client interactions that are independent of ATP and discuss the balance between this promiscuity and some degree of client specificity, and possible factors that may contribute to this balance of promiscuituity and specificity.
Journal ArticleDOI

Toward the Complete Functional Characterization of a Minimal Bacterial Proteome

TL;DR: Computational analyses are applied to elucidate the functions of the products of several essential but previously uncharacterized genes involved in integral cellular processes, particularly those directly affecting cell growth, division, and morphology.
Journal ArticleDOI

Bacterial Signal Peptides- Navigating the Journey of Proteins

TL;DR: In this article , a review summarizes the central role that signal peptides play as address codes for proteins, their decisive role as targeting factors for delivery to the membrane and their function to activate the translocation machinery for export and membrane protein insertion.
Journal ArticleDOI

Development of a Method Combining Peptidiscs and Proteomics to Identify, Stabilize, and Purify a Detergent-Sensitive Membrane Protein Assembly.

TL;DR: A method that combines peptidisc libraries and chromosomal-level gene tagging technology with affinity purification and mass spectrometry (AP/MS) to stabilize and identify fragile membrane protein complexes that exist at native expression levels is presented.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

X-ray structure of a protein-conducting channel

TL;DR: The crystal structure of the Sec61 or SecY complex from Methanococcus jannaschii suggests mechanisms for signal-sequence recognition and for the lateral exit of transmembrane segments of nascent membrane proteins into lipid, and indicates binding sites for partners that provide the driving force for translocation.
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Quantifying Absolute Protein Synthesis Rates Reveals Principles Underlying Allocation of Cellular Resources

TL;DR: This work presents a genome-wide approach, based on ribosome profiling, for measuring absolute protein synthesis rates, and reveals how general principles, important both for understanding natural systems and for synthesizing new ones, emerge from quantitative analyses of protein synthesis.
Journal ArticleDOI

Protein translocation across the eukaryotic endoplasmic reticulum and bacterial plasma membranes

TL;DR: Structural, genetic and biochemical data show how the channel opens across the membrane, releases hydrophobic segments of membrane proteins laterally into lipid, and maintains the membrane barrier for small molecules.
Journal ArticleDOI

Molecular code for transmembrane-helix recognition by the Sec61 translocon

TL;DR: Using in vitro translation of a model protein in the presence of dog pancreas rough microsomes to analyse a large number of systematically designed hydrophobic segments, a quantitative analysis of the position-dependent contribution of all 20 amino acids to membrane insertion efficiency is presented.
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