Journal ArticleDOI
The Future of Seawater Desalination: Energy, Technology, and the Environment
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TLDR
The possible reductions in energy demand by state-of-the-art seawater Desalination technologies, the potential role of advanced materials and innovative technologies in improving performance, and the sustainability of desalination as a technological solution to global water shortages are reviewed.Abstract:
In recent years, numerous large-scale seawater desalination plants have been built in water-stressed countries to augment available water resources, and construction of new desalination plants is expected to increase in the near future. Despite major advancements in desalination technologies, seawater desalination is still more energy intensive compared to conventional technologies for the treatment of fresh water. There are also concerns about the potential environmental impacts of large-scale seawater desalination plants. Here, we review the possible reductions in energy demand by state-of-the-art seawater desalination technologies, the potential role of advanced materials and innovative technologies in improving performance, and the sustainability of desalination as a technological solution to global water shortages.read more
Citations
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Balancing water scarcity and quality for sustainable irrigated agriculture
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Passive high-yield seawater desalination at below one sun by modular and low-cost distillation
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A novel reverse osmosis membrane with regenerable anti-biofouling and chlorine resistant properties
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Surface modification of thin film composite forward osmosis membrane by silver-decorated graphene-oxide nanosheets
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Current and future directions in electron transfer chemistry of graphene
Amir Kaplan,Zhe Yuan,Jesse D. Benck,Ananth Govind Rajan,Ximo S. Chu,Qing Hua Wang,Michael S. Strano +6 more
TL;DR: Recent progress on controlling covalent functionalization through chemical and physical methods is addressed, and how carefully functionalized graphene can be incorporated into composite materials with enhanced properties are addressed.
References
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Science and technology for water purification in the coming decades
Mark A. Shannon,Paul W. Bohn,Paul W. Bohn,Menachem Elimelech,Menachem Elimelech,John G. Georgiadis,Benito J. Mariñas,Anne M. Mayes,Anne M. Mayes +8 more
TL;DR: Some of the science and technology being developed to improve the disinfection and decontamination of water, as well as efforts to increase water supplies through the safe re-use of wastewater and efficient desalination of sea and brackish water are highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fast Mass Transport Through Sub-2-Nanometer Carbon Nanotubes
Jason K. Holt,Hyung Gyu Park,Hyung Gyu Park,Yinmin Wang,Michael Stadermann,Alexander B. Artyukhin,Costas P. Grigoropoulos,Aleksandr Noy,Olgica Bakajin +8 more
TL;DR: Gas and water flow measurements through microfabricated membranes in which aligned carbon nanotubes with diameters of less than 2 nanometers serve as pores enable fundamental studies of mass transport in confined environments, as well as more energy-efficient nanoscale filtration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ultralow-Fouling, Functionalizable, and Hydrolyzable Zwitterionic Materials and Their Derivatives for Biological Applications
Shaoyi Jiang,Zhiqiang Cao +1 more
TL;DR: Mixed-charge materials have been shown to be equivalent to zwitterionic materials in resisting nonspecific protein adsorption when they are uniformly mixed at the molecular scale.
Journal ArticleDOI
State-of-the-art of reverse osmosis desalination
TL;DR: The most commonly used desalination technologies are reverse osmosis (RO) and thermal processes such as multi-stage flash (MSF) and multi-effect distillation (MED) as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Survey of Structure−Property Relationships of Surfaces that Resist the Adsorption of Protein
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) to determine the characteristics of functional groups that give surfaces the ability to resist the nonspecific adsorption of proteins from solution.