Journal ArticleDOI
The Future of Seawater Desalination: Energy, Technology, and the Environment
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TLDR
The possible reductions in energy demand by state-of-the-art seawater Desalination technologies, the potential role of advanced materials and innovative technologies in improving performance, and the sustainability of desalination as a technological solution to global water shortages are reviewed.Abstract:
In recent years, numerous large-scale seawater desalination plants have been built in water-stressed countries to augment available water resources, and construction of new desalination plants is expected to increase in the near future. Despite major advancements in desalination technologies, seawater desalination is still more energy intensive compared to conventional technologies for the treatment of fresh water. There are also concerns about the potential environmental impacts of large-scale seawater desalination plants. Here, we review the possible reductions in energy demand by state-of-the-art seawater desalination technologies, the potential role of advanced materials and innovative technologies in improving performance, and the sustainability of desalination as a technological solution to global water shortages.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Multifunctional nanocoated membranes for high-rate electrothermal desalination of hypersaline waters
Kuichang Zuo,Weipeng Wang,Akshay Deshmukh,Akshay Deshmukh,Shuai Jia,Hua Guo,Ruikun Xin,Menachem Elimelech,Menachem Elimelech,Pulickel M. Ajayan,Jun Lou,Qilin Li +11 more
TL;DR: A hexagonal boron nitride nanocoating grown directly on a stainless-steel mesh enables ultrahigh power input intensity in an electrothermal membrane distillation system to desalinate hypersaline solutions with exceptionally high water flux, single-pass water recovery and heat utilization efficiency.
Journal ArticleDOI
Improving the performance of water desalination through ultra-permeable functionalized nanoporous graphene oxide membrane
TL;DR: In this paper, molecular dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the water desalination performance of nanoporous graphene oxide (NPGO) membranes, and the results indicated that the NPGO membrane has effective efficiency in salt rejection as well as high performance in water flux.
Journal ArticleDOI
Flow-electrode capacitive deionization: A review and new perspectives.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors sort out the potentially parallel mechanisms of electrosorption and electrodialysis in the FCDI desalination process, and make clear the importance of the flowable capacitive electrodes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Solar thermal desalination as a nonlinear optical process.
TL;DR: It is shown that merely focusing incident sunlight into small “hot spots” on a photothermally active desalination membrane dramatically increases––by more than 50%––the flux of distilled water.
Journal ArticleDOI
Solar-powered nanostructured biopolymer hygroscopic aerogels for atmospheric water harvesting
Mengzhu Wang,Tianmeng Sun,Dehui Wan,Ming Dai,Shengjie Ling,Jialiang Wang,Yuqiu Liu,Ying Fang,Shuhan Xu,Jingjie Yeo,Haipeng Yu,Shouxin Liu,Qingwen Wang,Jian Li,Ya Yang,Zhuangjun Fan,Wenshuai Chen +16 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a cost-effective all-in-one solid bulk sorbent that can capture water from air, even when outdoor conditions are cool, dry, and with low-intensity nature sunlight is presented.
References
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Science and technology for water purification in the coming decades
Mark A. Shannon,Paul W. Bohn,Paul W. Bohn,Menachem Elimelech,Menachem Elimelech,John G. Georgiadis,Benito J. Mariñas,Anne M. Mayes,Anne M. Mayes +8 more
TL;DR: Some of the science and technology being developed to improve the disinfection and decontamination of water, as well as efforts to increase water supplies through the safe re-use of wastewater and efficient desalination of sea and brackish water are highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fast Mass Transport Through Sub-2-Nanometer Carbon Nanotubes
Jason K. Holt,Hyung Gyu Park,Hyung Gyu Park,Yinmin Wang,Michael Stadermann,Alexander B. Artyukhin,Costas P. Grigoropoulos,Aleksandr Noy,Olgica Bakajin +8 more
TL;DR: Gas and water flow measurements through microfabricated membranes in which aligned carbon nanotubes with diameters of less than 2 nanometers serve as pores enable fundamental studies of mass transport in confined environments, as well as more energy-efficient nanoscale filtration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ultralow-Fouling, Functionalizable, and Hydrolyzable Zwitterionic Materials and Their Derivatives for Biological Applications
Shaoyi Jiang,Zhiqiang Cao +1 more
TL;DR: Mixed-charge materials have been shown to be equivalent to zwitterionic materials in resisting nonspecific protein adsorption when they are uniformly mixed at the molecular scale.
Journal ArticleDOI
State-of-the-art of reverse osmosis desalination
TL;DR: The most commonly used desalination technologies are reverse osmosis (RO) and thermal processes such as multi-stage flash (MSF) and multi-effect distillation (MED) as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Survey of Structure−Property Relationships of Surfaces that Resist the Adsorption of Protein
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) to determine the characteristics of functional groups that give surfaces the ability to resist the nonspecific adsorption of proteins from solution.