Journal ArticleDOI
The Future of Seawater Desalination: Energy, Technology, and the Environment
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TLDR
The possible reductions in energy demand by state-of-the-art seawater Desalination technologies, the potential role of advanced materials and innovative technologies in improving performance, and the sustainability of desalination as a technological solution to global water shortages are reviewed.Abstract:
In recent years, numerous large-scale seawater desalination plants have been built in water-stressed countries to augment available water resources, and construction of new desalination plants is expected to increase in the near future. Despite major advancements in desalination technologies, seawater desalination is still more energy intensive compared to conventional technologies for the treatment of fresh water. There are also concerns about the potential environmental impacts of large-scale seawater desalination plants. Here, we review the possible reductions in energy demand by state-of-the-art seawater desalination technologies, the potential role of advanced materials and innovative technologies in improving performance, and the sustainability of desalination as a technological solution to global water shortages.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Energy consumption in membrane capacitive deionization for different water recoveries and flow rates, and comparison with reverse osmosis
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the energy consumption of MCDI, and the fraction of energy that can be recovered during the ion desorption step of the MCDi, as a function of influent concentration, water flow rate and water recovery.
Journal ArticleDOI
Materials and membrane technologies for water and energy sustainability
TL;DR: In this paper, a review discusses opportunities for membrane technologies in water and energy sustainability by analyzing their potential applications and current status; providing emerging technologies and scrutinizing research and development challenges for membrane materials in this field.
Journal ArticleDOI
Floatable, Self-Cleaning, and Carbon-Black-Based Superhydrophobic Gauze for the Solar Evaporation Enhancement at the Air-Water Interface
TL;DR: It is shown that the carbon-black-based superhydrophobic gauze was able to float on the surface of water and selectively heat the surface water under irradiation, resulting in an enhanced evaporation rate.
Journal ArticleDOI
2D nanostructures for water purification: graphene and beyond
TL;DR: Progress in the development of nanoporous graphene and graphene oxide (GO) membranes, the mechanism of graphene molecular sieve action, structural design, hydrophilic nature, mechanical strength and antifouling properties and the principal challenges associated with nanopore generation are discussed in detail.
Journal ArticleDOI
A water lily-inspired hierarchical design for stable and efficient solar evaporation of high-salinity brine.
Ning Xu,Jinlei Li,Yang Wang,Chang Fang,Xiuqiang Li,Yuxi Wang,Lin Zhou,Bin Zhu,Zhen Wu,Shining Zhu,Jia Zhu +10 more
TL;DR: With the capabilities of stable and high-rate evaporation out of high-salinity brine and the effective separation of solute from water, it is expected that this technology can have direct implications in various fields such as wastewater treatment, sea-salt production, and metal recycling.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Science and technology for water purification in the coming decades
Mark A. Shannon,Paul W. Bohn,Paul W. Bohn,Menachem Elimelech,Menachem Elimelech,John G. Georgiadis,Benito J. Mariñas,Anne M. Mayes,Anne M. Mayes +8 more
TL;DR: Some of the science and technology being developed to improve the disinfection and decontamination of water, as well as efforts to increase water supplies through the safe re-use of wastewater and efficient desalination of sea and brackish water are highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fast Mass Transport Through Sub-2-Nanometer Carbon Nanotubes
Jason K. Holt,Hyung Gyu Park,Hyung Gyu Park,Yinmin Wang,Michael Stadermann,Alexander B. Artyukhin,Costas P. Grigoropoulos,Aleksandr Noy,Olgica Bakajin +8 more
TL;DR: Gas and water flow measurements through microfabricated membranes in which aligned carbon nanotubes with diameters of less than 2 nanometers serve as pores enable fundamental studies of mass transport in confined environments, as well as more energy-efficient nanoscale filtration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ultralow-Fouling, Functionalizable, and Hydrolyzable Zwitterionic Materials and Their Derivatives for Biological Applications
Shaoyi Jiang,Zhiqiang Cao +1 more
TL;DR: Mixed-charge materials have been shown to be equivalent to zwitterionic materials in resisting nonspecific protein adsorption when they are uniformly mixed at the molecular scale.
Journal ArticleDOI
State-of-the-art of reverse osmosis desalination
TL;DR: The most commonly used desalination technologies are reverse osmosis (RO) and thermal processes such as multi-stage flash (MSF) and multi-effect distillation (MED) as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Survey of Structure−Property Relationships of Surfaces that Resist the Adsorption of Protein
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) to determine the characteristics of functional groups that give surfaces the ability to resist the nonspecific adsorption of proteins from solution.