Journal ArticleDOI
The rise of graphene
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TLDR
Owing to its unusual electronic spectrum, graphene has led to the emergence of a new paradigm of 'relativistic' condensed-matter physics, where quantum relativistic phenomena can now be mimicked and tested in table-top experiments.Abstract:
Graphene is a rapidly rising star on the horizon of materials science and condensed-matter physics. This strictly two-dimensional material exhibits exceptionally high crystal and electronic quality, and, despite its short history, has already revealed a cornucopia of new physics and potential applications, which are briefly discussed here. Whereas one can be certain of the realness of applications only when commercial products appear, graphene no longer requires any further proof of its importance in terms of fundamental physics. Owing to its unusual electronic spectrum, graphene has led to the emergence of a new paradigm of 'relativistic' condensed-matter physics, where quantum relativistic phenomena, some of which are unobservable in high-energy physics, can now be mimicked and tested in table-top experiments. More generally, graphene represents a conceptually new class of materials that are only one atom thick, and, on this basis, offers new inroads into low-dimensional physics that has never ceased to surprise and continues to provide a fertile ground for applications.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Electron beam nanosculpting of suspended graphene sheets
TL;DR: In this article, high-resolution modification of suspended multilayer graphene sheets by controlled exposure to the focused electron beam of a transmission electron microscope was demonstrated, on time scales of a few seconds, including nanometer-scale pores, slits and gaps that are stable and do not evolve over time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reversible basal plane hydrogenation of graphene.
Sunmin Ryu,Melinda Y. Han,Janina Maultzsch,Tony F. Heinz,Philip Kim,Michael L. Steigerwald,Louis E. Brus +6 more
TL;DR: Hydrogenation, forming sp3 C--H functionality on the basal plane of graphene, proceeds at a higher rate for single than for double layers, demonstrating the enhanced chemical reactivity of single sheet graphene.
Journal ArticleDOI
Localization of Dirac Electrons in Rotated Graphene Bilayers
TL;DR: In this paper, the wave function of Dirac electrons can be localized in rotated graphene bilayers due to the Moire pattern, and this localization is maximum in the limit of the small rotation angle between the two layers.
Patent
Optical systems fabricated by printing-based assembly
John A. Rogers,Ralph G. Nuzzo,Matthew Meitl,Etienne Menard,Alfred J. Baca,Michael J. Motala,Jong Hyun Ahn,Sang Il Park,Chang-Jae Yu,Heung Cho Ko,Mark P. Stoykovich,Jongseung Yoon +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a range of useful physical and mechanical properties including flexibility, shapeability, conformability, and stretchablity of printed optical devices and devices, such as light emitting devices, light collecting systems, light sensing systems and photovoltaic systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hybrid Graphene and Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanocomposite: Gap Opening, Electron–Hole Puddle, Interfacial Charge Transfer, and Enhanced Visible Light Response
Aijun Du,Stefano Sanvito,Zhen Li,Dawei Wang,Yan Jiao,Ting Liao,Qiao Sun,Yun Hau Ng,Zhonghua Zhu,Rose Amal,Sean C. Smith +10 more
TL;DR: An inhomogeneous planar substrate (g-C(3)N(4)) promotes electron-rich and hole-rich regions, i.e., forming a well-defined electron-hole puddle, on the supported graphene layer, which can potentially allow overcoming the graphene's band gap hurdle in constructing field effect transistors.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films
Kostya S. Novoselov,Andre K. Geim,Sergey V. Morozov,Da Jiang,Y. Zhang,S. V. Dubonos,Irina V. Grigorieva,A. A. Firsov +7 more
TL;DR: Monocrystalline graphitic films are found to be a two-dimensional semimetal with a tiny overlap between valence and conductance bands and they exhibit a strong ambipolar electric field effect.
Journal ArticleDOI
Two-dimensional gas of massless Dirac fermions in graphene
Kostya S. Novoselov,A. K. Geim,Sergey V. Morozov,Da Jiang,Mikhail I. Katsnelson,Irina V. Grigorieva,S. V. Dubonos,A. A. Firsov +7 more
TL;DR: This study reports an experimental study of a condensed-matter system (graphene, a single atomic layer of carbon) in which electron transport is essentially governed by Dirac's (relativistic) equation and reveals a variety of unusual phenomena that are characteristic of two-dimensional Dirac fermions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Raman spectrum of graphene and graphene layers.
Andrea C. Ferrari,Jannik C. Meyer,Vittorio Scardaci,Cinzia Casiraghi,Michele Lazzeri,Francesco Mauri,S. Piscanec,Da Jiang,K. S. Novoselov,S. Roth,A. K. Geim +10 more
TL;DR: This work shows that graphene's electronic structure is captured in its Raman spectrum that clearly evolves with the number of layers, and allows unambiguous, high-throughput, nondestructive identification of graphene layers, which is critically lacking in this emerging research area.
Journal ArticleDOI
Graphene-based composite materials
Sasha Stankovich,Dmitriy A. Dikin,Geoffrey Dommett,K. Kohlhaas,Eric Zimney,Eric A. Stach,Richard D. Piner,SonBinh T. Nguyen,Rodney S. Ruoff +8 more
TL;DR: The bottom-up chemical approach of tuning the graphene sheet properties provides a path to a broad new class of graphene-based materials and their use in a variety of applications.
Journal ArticleDOI
Experimental observation of the quantum Hall effect and Berry's phase in graphene
TL;DR: In this paper, an experimental investigation of magneto-transport in a high-mobility single layer of Graphene is presented, where an unusual half-integer quantum Hall effect for both electron and hole carriers in graphene is observed.