Journal ArticleDOI
UCP1-independent thermogenesis
Anna Roesler,Lawrence Kazak +1 more
TLDR
Interest in UCP1-independent energy expenditure has begun to showcase the therapeutic potential that lies in refining the understanding of the diversity of biochemical pathways controlling thermogenic respiration.Abstract:
Obesity results from energy imbalance, when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) drives non-shivering thermogenesis which represents a powerful mechanism of enhancing the energy expenditure side of the energy balance equation. The best understood thermogenic system in BAT that evolved to protect the body from hypothermia is based on the uncoupling of protonmotive force from oxidative phosphorylation through the actions of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), a key regulator of cold-mediated thermogenesis. Similarly, energy expenditure is triggered in response to caloric excess, and animals with reduced thermogenic fat function can succumb to diet-induced obesity. Thus, it was surprising when inactivation of Ucp1 did not potentiate diet-induced obesity. In recent years, it has become clear that multiple thermogenic mechanisms exist, based on ATP sinks centered on creatine, lipid, or calcium cycling, along with Fatty acid-mediated UCP1-independent leak pathways driven by the ADP/ATP carrier (AAC). With a key difference between cold- and diet-induced thermogenesis being the dynamic changes in purine nucleotide (primarily ATP) levels, ATP-dependent thermogenic pathways may play a key role in diet-induced thermogenesis. Additionally, the ubiquitous expression of AAC may facilitate increased energy expenditure in many cell types, in the face of over feeding. Interest in UCP1-independent energy expenditure has begun to showcase the therapeutic potential that lies in refining our understanding of the diversity of biochemical pathways controlling thermogenic respiration.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Obesity, Adipose Tissue and Vascular Dysfunction.
TL;DR: The abnormal remodeling of specific adipose tissue depots during obesity is addressed and how this critically contributes to the development of hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular stiffness.
Journal ArticleDOI
A suite of new Dre recombinase drivers markedly expands the ability to perform intersectional genetic targeting
Ximeng Han,Ximeng Han,Zhenqian Zhang,Lingjuan He,Huan Zhu,Yan Li,Wenjuan Pu,Maoying Han,Huan Zhao,Kuo Liu,Yi Li,Yi Li,Xiuzhen Huang,Mingjun Zhang,Hengwei Jin,Zan Lv,Juan Tang,Jinjin Wang,Ruilin Sun,Jian Fei,Xueying Tian,Sheng-Zhong Duan,Qing-Dong Wang,Lixin Wang,Ben He,Bin Zhou +25 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed more than 70 new intersectional drivers to better target diverse cell lineages, including white adipocytes and lymphatic vessels, that heretofore cannot be selectively targeted by conventional Cre drivers alone.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adipose Tissue Immunomodulation: A Novel Therapeutic Approach in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases.
Ibrahim AlZaim,Safaa H. Hammoud,Houssam Al-Koussa,Alaa Ghazi,Ali H. Eid,Ali H. Eid,Ahmed F. El-Yazbi,Ahmed F. El-Yazbi +7 more
TL;DR: The role of adipose innate and adaptive immune cells across various physiological and pathophysiological states that pertain to the development or progression of cardiovascular diseases associated with metabolic disorders are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cellular Heterogeneity in Adipose Tissues.
TL;DR: A review of recent advances in genetic lineage tracing and transcriptomics that reveal the identities of the heterogeneous cell populations constituting mouse and human adipose tissues can be found in this paper.
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