Journal ArticleDOI
Xanthine oxidoreductase activity is correlated with insulin resistance and subclinical inflammation in young humans.
Kahori Washio,Yoshiki Kusunoki,Takayo Murase,Takashi Nakamura,Keiko Osugi,Mana Ohigashi,Tadahiko Sukenaga,Fumihiro Ochi,Toshihiro Matsuo,Tomoyuki Katsuno,Yuji Moriwaki,Tetsuya Yamamoto,Mitsuyoshi Namba,Hidenori Koyama +13 more
TLDR
The present study has shown that XOR activity is correlated with serum UA levels in humans, and even in young subjects, XOR activities are correlated with insulin resistance, BMI, and subclinical inflammation.Citations
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Beyond adiponectin and leptin: adipose tissue-derived mediators of inter-organ communication
TL;DR: The diverse signaling mediators and mechanisms adipose tissue utilizes to relay information to other organs are reviewed and recently identified adipokines (proteins, lipids, and metabolites) are discussed and the contributions of noncoding RNAs and EVs to the ever-increasing complexities of adipose tissues inter-organ communication are outlined.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of xanthine oxidoreductase and uric acid in metabolic syndrome.
TL;DR: The dual-face role of both XOR and uric acid explains the contradictory results obtained with XOR inhibitors and suggests caution in their therapeutic use.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plasma Xanthine Oxidoreductase Activity as a Novel Biomarker of Metabolic Disorders in a General Population.
Masato Furuhashi,Megumi Matsumoto,Marenao Tanaka,Norihito Moniwa,Takayo Murase,Takashi Nakamura,Hirofumi Ohnishi,Shigeyuki Saitoh,Shigeyuki Saitoh,Kazuaki Shimamoto,Tetsuji Miura +10 more
TL;DR: Plasma XOR activity is a novel biomarker of metabolic disorders in a general population and was significantly higher in males than in females, and habitual smoking was associated with elevation of activity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Metabolic syndrome and cancer risk: The role of xanthine oxidoreductase.
TL;DR: Despite the availability of different drugs to inhibit in vivo XOR activity, the complexity of XOR inhibition effects should be carefully considered before clinical application, save in the case of symptomatic hyperuricemia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Uric Acid Is a Biomarker of Oxidative Stress in the Failing Heart: Lessons Learned from Trials With Allopurinol and SGLT2 Inhibitors.
TL;DR: The available evidence indicates that changes in xanthine oxidase and uric acid are biomarkers of oxidative stress (particularly in heart failure) and that xanthin oxidase may provide an important source of nitric oxide that quenches the injurious effects of reactive oxygen species.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Uric acid and cardiovascular risk.
TL;DR: This review summarizes relevant studies concerning uric acid and possible links to hypertension, renal disease, and cardiovascular disease and presents current evidence.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hypoxia inducible factors and the response to hypoxic stress
TL;DR: In mammals, the primary transcriptional response to hypoxic stress is mediated by the hypoxia-inducible factors, and the HIFα subunits are intricately responsive to numerous other factors, including factor-inhibiting HIF1α, sirtuins, and metabolites.
Journal Article
Report of the committee on the classification and diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus (revision for international harmonization of HbAle in Japan)
Yoshiki Seino,Kishio Nanjo,Naoko Tajima,Takashi Kadowaki,Atsunori Kashiwagi,Eiichi Araki,Chikako Ito,Nobuya Inagaki,Yasuhiko Iwamoto,Masato Kasuga,Toshiaki Hanafusa,Masakazu Haneda,Kohjiro Ueki +12 more
TL;DR: Diabetes mellitus is a group of diseases associated with various metabolic disorders, the main feature of which is chronic hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin action, which can cause susceptibility to specific complications and also foster arteriosclerosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with insulin resistance
Giulio Marchesini,Mara Brizi,Antonio Maria Morselli-Labate,Giampaolo Bianchi,Elisabetta Bugianesi,Arthur J. McCullough,Gabriele Forlani,Nazario Melchionda +7 more
TL;DR: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia even in lean subjects with normal glucose tolerance, and genetic factors that reduce insulin sensitivity and increase serum triglyceride levels may be responsible for its development.
Journal ArticleDOI
Xanthine oxidoreductase and cardiovascular disease: molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological implications
Cristine E. Berry,Joshua M. Hare +1 more
TL;DR: XOR gene structure and regulation, protein structure, enzymology, tissue distribution and pathophysiological role in cardiovascular disease with an emphasis on heart failure are reviewed.