Showing papers on "Power station published in 2010"
TL;DR: In this article, a general overview on the polymeric membranes currently studied for their use in CO2 capture and of their transport properties is proposed, and some important design parameters have been introduced in order to evaluate the advantages potentially offered by membrane systems with respect to the other separation technologies (adsorption and cryogenic).
772 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a summary of technical-economic studies of coal and gas power plants with the capture of CO2 and the cost per tonne of CO 2 avoided.
664 citations
TL;DR: RTILs present a highly versatile and tunable platform for the development of new processes and materials aimed at the capture of CO(2) from power plant flue gas and in natural gas sweetening and new imidazolium-based polymer architectures and thermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystals as highly tailorable materials based on and capable of interacting with RTILs are developed.
Abstract: Clean energy production has become one of the most prominent global issues of the early 21st century, prompting social, economic, and scientific debates regarding energy usage, energy sources, and sustainable energy strategies. The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, specifically carbon dioxide (CO2), figures prominently in the discussions on the future of global energy policy. Billions of tons of annual CO2 emissions are the direct result of fossil fuel combustion to generate electricity. Producing clean energy from abundant sources such as coal will require a massive infrastructure and highly efficient capture technologies to curb CO2 emissions. Current technologies for CO2 removal from other gases, such as those used in natural gas sweetening, are also capable of capturing CO2 from power plant emissions. Aqueous amine processes are found in the vast majority of natural gas sweetening operations in the United States. However, conventional aqueous amine processes are highly energy intensive; their imp...
562 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the seasonal optimal mix between wind and solar power generation in a future Europe with a very high share of renewable power generation was analyzed and the best point of counterbalancing was found to lead to a pronounced minimum in required stored energy.
437 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a comparative study of different geothermal power plant concepts, based on the exergy analysis for high-temperature geothermal resources, is presented, and the performance of each cycle has been discussed in terms of second-law efficiency, exergy destruction rate, and first-law efficiencies.
355 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the grid integration, as well as the optimal usage of volatile energy reserves, is presented for a 5- kW PV system for home application, and for a 100- MW medium-voltage system, intended for wind farm usage.
Abstract: The continuously growing amount of renewable sources starts compromising the stability of electrical grids. Contradictory to fossil fuel power plants, energy production of wind and photovoltaic (PV) energy is fluctuating. Although predictions have significantly improved, an outage of multi-MW offshore wind farms poses a challenging problem. One solution could be the integration of storage systems in the grid. After a short overview, this paper focuses on two exemplary battery storage systems, including the required power electronics. The grid integration, as well as the optimal usage of volatile energy reserves, is presented for a 5- kW PV system for home application, as well as for a 100- MW medium-voltage system, intended for wind farm usage. The efficiency and cost of topologies are investigated as a key parameter for large-scale integration of renewable power at medium- and low-voltage.
333 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a comparison of statistical models based on time series applied to predict half daily values of global solar irradiance with a temporal horizon of 3 days is presented. And the validation process shows that all models essayed improve persistence.
286 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of climate change on the supply of electricity from non-thermal sources shows great geographical variability due to differences in expected changes to temperature and precipitation, and four significant gaps in the current research are regional studies of demand side impacts for Africa, Asia, the Caribbean and Latin America, the effects of extreme weather events on electricity generation, transmission and demand, changes to the adoption rate of air conditioning, and finally, our understanding of the sensitivity of thermal power supply to changes in air and water temperatures.
255 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a thermodynamic analysis of a subcritical boiler-turbine generator is performed for a 32MW coal-fired power plant, where both energy and exergy formulations are developed for the system.
231 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the experience of co-firing in large coal-based thermal power plants is presented, with the aim of reducing CO 2 and SO 2 emissions and reducing NO x emissions.
Abstract: Reduction of the emissions of greenhouses gases, increasing the share of renewable energy sources (RES) in the energy balance, increasing electricity production from renewable energy sources and decreasing energy dependency represent the main goals of all current strategies in Europe. Biomass co-firing in large coal-based thermal power plants provides a considerable opportunity to increase the share of RES in the primary energy balance and the share of electricity from RES in gross electricity consumption in a country. Biomass-coal co-firing means reducing CO 2 and SO 2 , emissions and it may also reduce NO x emissions, and also represents a near-term, low-risk, low-cost and sustainable energy development. Biomass-coal co-firing is the most effective measure to reduce CO 2 emissions, because it substitutes coal, which has the most intensive CO 2 emissions per kWh electricity production, by biomass, with a zero net emission of CO 2 . Biomass co-firing experience worldwide are reviewed in this paper. Biomass co-firing has been successfully demonstrated in over 150 installations worldwide for most combinations of fuels and boiler types in the range of 50–700 MWe, although a number of very small plants have also been involved. More than a hundred of these have been in Europe. A key indicator for the assessment of biomass co-firing is intrduced and used to evaluate all available biomass co-firing technologies.
226 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented a clean and renewable energy source that is environmentally preferable to fossil fuels or nuclear power, which is referred to as Hydropower as a clean energy source.
Abstract: Hydropower is often presented as a clean and renewable energy source that is environmentally preferable to fossil fuels or nuclear power. Hydropower production, however, fundamentally transforms ri ...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented the concept of solar aided power generation in conventional coal-fired power stations, i.e., integrating solar (thermal) energy into conventional fossil fuelled power generation cycles (termed as solar aided thermal power).
TL;DR: In this paper, a combined heat and power plant for cogeneration purposes that produces 50MW of electricity and 33.3 kg/s of saturated steam at 13 bar is optimized using genetic algorithm.
TL;DR: In this paper, an investment model that combines heat and power production and simulates electric vehicles is presented to evaluate the impact of variable power production from wind power in an hourly time scale.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provided a comprehensive picture of research and development of solar chimney power technology in the past few decades, including physical process, experimental and theoretical study status, and economics for the conventional SC power technology.
Abstract: Utilization of solar chimney (SC) for power generation has proved to be a promising approach for future applications. This paper provides a comprehensive picture of research and development of SC power technology in the past few decades. The description, physical process, experimental and theoretical study status, and economics for the conventional SC power technology are included as well as descriptions of other types of SC power technology.
TL;DR: In this article, a hybrid system was proposed as a renewable resource of power generation for grid connected applications in three cities in Iraq, and the proposed system was simulated using MATLAB solver, in which the input parameters for the solver were the meteorological data for the selected locations and the sizes of PV and wind turbines.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discussed the environmental consequences of marginal electricity supplies in consequential life cycle assessments (LCA) and examined environmental characteristics by identifying affected activities, i.e. often the marginal technology.
Abstract: Background, aim and scope
This paper discusses the identification of the environmental consequences of marginal electricity supplies in consequential life cycle assessments (LCA). According to the methodology, environmental characteristics can be examined by identifying affected activities, i.e. often the marginal technology. The present ‘state-of the-art’ method is to identify the long-term change in power plant capacity, known as the long-term marginal technology, and assume that the marginal supply will be fully produced at such capacity. However, the marginal change in capacity will have to operate as an integrated part of the total energy system. Consequently, it does not necessarily represent the marginal change in electricity supply, which is likely to involve a mixture of different production technologies. Especially when planning future sustainable energy systems involving combined heat and power (CHP) and fluctuating renewable energy sources, such issue becomes very important.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a complete methodology, able to define the dimensions of an autonomous electricity generation system based on the maximum available solar potential exploitation at minimum electricity generation cost, and special emphasis was given in order to select the most cost-efficient energy storage configuration available.
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that wind power output could be stabilized if wind generators were located in a meteorologically designed configuration and electrically connected, and suggested institutions appropriate to create and manage the power system analyzed here are suggested.
Abstract: World wind power resources are abundant, but their utilization could be limited because wind fluctuates rather than providing steady power. We hypothesize that wind power output could be stabilized if wind generators were located in a meteorologically designed configuration and electrically connected. Based on 5 yr of wind data from 11 meteorological stations, distributed over a 2,500 km extent along the U.S. East Coast, power output for each hour at each site is calculated. Each individual wind power generation site exhibits the expected power ups and downs. But when we simulate a power line connecting them, called here the Atlantic Transmission Grid, the output from the entire set of generators rarely reaches either low or full power, and power changes slowly. Notably, during the 5-yr study period, the amount of power shifted up and down but never stopped. This finding is explained by examining in detail the high and low output periods, using reanalysis data to show the weather phenomena responsible for steady production and for the occasional periods of low power. We conclude with suggested institutions appropriate to create and manage the power system analyzed here.
TL;DR: A review of energy storage options for Ireland is outlined including the use of hydrogen and fuel cell technology in this article, which is concluded that a project similar to the Norwegian Utsira wind/hydrogen project could be piloted in Ireland and a site similar to Dundalk Institute of Technology could be used to demonstrate and test the system.
TL;DR: In this paper, the economic feasibility of compressed air energy storage (CAES) to improve wind power integration is modeled and the CAES system is operated independently of the wind park such that profits from peak power sales at the spot market and reserve power market are maximized.
Abstract: In this paper, we model the economic feasibility of compressed air energy storage (CAES) to improve wind power integration. The Base Case is a wind park with 100 MW of installed capacity and no storage facility. In Variant 1 we add a central CAES system with 90 MW of compressor and 180 MW of generation capacity. The compressed air is stored in a cavern. The CAES system is operated independently of the wind park such that profits from peak power sales at the spot market and reserve power market are maximized. Variant 2 is an integrated, decentralized CAES system, where each wind turbine is equipped with a compressor but no generator. The compressed air is stored in a cavern and converted into electricity by a turbine, again maximizing profit as a peak power plant. Both variants are modeled for conventional diabatic and the more advanced adiabatic systems.
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) on geothermal power production from EGS (enhanced geothermal systems) low-temperature reservoirs is performed, and the results of the analysis show that the environmental impacts are very much influenced by the geological conditions that can be obtained at a specific site.
TL;DR: In this paper, an energy, exergy, environment, and economic analysis of solar thermal aided coal-fired power plants to establish their techno-economic viability is presented, which shows that the utilization of solar energy for feedwater heating is more efficient based on exergy rather than energy.
TL;DR: In this article, a preliminary attempt towards the technical and economic assessment of concentrating solar power (CSP) technologies in India has been made, which can be used as preliminary indicators for identifying niche areas for immediate/short-term utilization of solar energy for concentrating solar PV generation in India.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate how thermal power plants with once-through cooling could be affected by future climate change impacts on river water temperatures and stream flow and apply the model to simulate a large nuclear power plant in Central Europe.
Abstract: In this study we investigate how thermal power plants with once-through cooling could be affected by future climate change impacts on river water temperatures and stream flow. We introduce a model of a steam turbine power plant with once-through cooling at a river site and simulate how its production could be constrained in scenarios ranging from a one degree to a five degree increase of river temperature and a 10–50% decrease of stream flow. We apply the model to simulate a large nuclear power plant in Central Europe. We calculate annual average load reductions, which can be up to 11.8%, assuming unchanged stream flow, which leads to average annual income losses of up to 80 million €. Considering simultaneous changes in stream flow will exacerbate the problem and may increase average annual costs to 111 million € in a worst-case scenario. The model demonstrates that power generation could be severely constrained by typical climate impacts, such as increasing river temperatures and decreasing stream flow.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated and quantified the plant-level performance and cost of different cooling technologies for pulverized coal (PC) power plants with and without CO2 capture.
TL;DR: An optimisation method based on mixed integer linear programming (MILP) for the management of local heat supply systems with CHPs, heating boilers and thermal storages is developed and allows the production of thermal and electric energy with a maximal benefit.
TL;DR: In this paper, the simulation of CO 2 capture and compression integration into an 800MW e supercritical coal-fired power plant using chemical process simulators is presented, where the simulation is not only on the full load of flue gas stream, but also on the impact of a partial load.
TL;DR: The first industrial-scale CO 2 capture plant in China has been demonstrated at Huaneng Beijing power plant has shown that this technology is a good option for the capture of CO 2 produced by commercial coal-fired power plants.