Probability Distributions.- Linear Models for Regression.- Linear Models for Classification.- Neural Networks.- Kernel Methods.- Sparse Kernel Machines.- Graphical Models.- Mixture Models and EM.- Approximate Inference.- Sampling Methods.- Continuous Latent Variables.- Sequential Data.- Combining Models.

Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning

https://users.encs.concordia.ca/~ymzhang/publications/ARC32-2-98Zhang_pp.229-252.pdf

Bibliographical review on reconfigurable fault-tolerant control systems

This ebook is the first authorized digital version of Kernighan and Ritchie's 1988 classic, The C Programming Language (2nd Ed.). One of the best-selling programming books published in the last fifty years, "K&R" has been called everything from the "bible" to "a landmark in computer science" and it has influenced generations of programmers. Available now for all leading ebook platforms, this concise and beautifully written text is a "must-have" reference for every serious programmers digital library.

As modestly described by the authors in the Preface to the First Edition, this "is not an introductory programming manual; it assumes some familiarity with basic programming concepts like variables, assignment statements, loops, and functions. Nonetheless, a novice programmer should be able to read along and pick up the language, although access to a more knowledgeable colleague will help."

The C programming language

With advanced computer technology, systems are getting larger to fulfill more complicated tasks: however, they are also becoming less reliable. Consequently, testing is an indispensable part of system design and implementation; yet it has proved to be a formidable task for complex systems. This motivates the study of testing finite stare machines to ensure the correct functioning of systems and to discover aspects of their behavior. A finite state machine contains a finite number of states and produces outputs on state transitions after receiving inputs. Finite state machines are widely used to model systems in diverse areas, including sequential circuits, certain types of programs, and, more recently, communication protocols. In a testing problem we have a machine about which we lack some information; we would like to deduce this information by providing a sequence of inputs to the machine and observing the outputs produced. Because of its practical importance and theoretical interest, the problem of testing finite state machines has been studied in different areas and at various times. The earliest published literature on this topic dates back to the 1950's. Activities in the 1960's mid early 1970's were motivated mainly by automata theory and sequential circuit testing. The area seemed to have mostly died down until a few years ago when the testing problem was resurrected and is now being studied anew due to its applications to conformance testing of communication protocols. While some old problems which had been open for decades were resolved recently, new concepts and more intriguing problems from new applications emerge. We review the fundamental problems in testing finite state machines and techniques for solving these problems, tracing progress in the area from its inception to the present and the stare of the art. In addition, we discuss extensions of finite state machines and some other topics related to testing.

Principles and methods of testing finite state machines-a survey

Ultrathin films of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) represent an attractive, emerging class of material, with properties that can approach the exceptional electrical, mechanical, and optical characteristics of individual SWNTs, in a format that, unlike isolated tubes, is readily suitable for scalable integration into devices. These features suggest the potential for realistic applications as conducting or semiconducting layers in diverse types of electronic, optoelectronic and sensor systems. This article reviews recent advances in assembly techniques for forming such films, modeling and experimental work that reveals their collective properties, and engineering aspects of implementation in sensors and in electronic devices and circuits with various levels of complexity. A concluding discussion provides some perspectives on possibilities for future work in fundamental and applied aspects.

http://www.ifc.dicp.ac.cn/library/cailiao/pdf1/11.pdf

Ultrathin Films of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Electronics and Sensors: A Review of Fundamental and Applied Aspects

This letter presents an experimental assessment and evaluation of the frequency response of a recently proposed magneto-electric (ME) device (suitable for H- and E -field sensor and tuning applications). The device is fabricated by incorporating a single-phase ME hexaferrite thin film on a silicon substrate, which is able to operate at a few volts. A conductive buffer layer of indium tin oxide is introduced between the Si substrate and the ME film to accommodate the voltage reduction for ME film excitation at room temperature. A planar spiral coil is then utilized for application or detection of an ac magnetic field by excitation of the ME film or change in magnetization as a flux, respectively. Through a nonlinear experiment, the frequency of the signals for both spiral coil and ME film is changed in the range of 1-10 MHz. The voltage across the coil is then measured as a function of the two sources with coupled frequencies. Coupling is, therefore, related to the frequency and amplitude of both these signals. The frequency response in these experiments provides a better understanding of the ME effect coupling. Experimental data confirm these findings.

Frequency Response of a Coupled Magnetoelectric Hexaferrite Film on a Spiral Coil

This paper analyzes different repair methods of a mirrored disk subsystem. The main interest is focused on disk faults and how the repair process is copying data from a fault-free disk to a spare disk with the least performance degradation for user disk requests. The objective of this study is to compare how different repair algorithms affect system performance. Two different repair algorithms are compared. Two different access patterns (uniform and non-uniform) are studied to establish their effects on the repair process and performance. Simulation results of this research indicate that the performance degradation of user disk requests can be significantly reduced by introducing a short delay in the repair algorithm. A new algorithm for detecting sector faults is also presented. This algorithm scans the disk space, while there are no user disk requests issued and detects deteriorated media using the advanced statistics of modern SCSI disks. The advantage of the proposed algorithm is that it can repair the disk subsystem before data is actually lost due to a media defect (bad sector).

Repair algorithms for mirrored disk systems

The letter deals with a new approach to diagnosis by comparison. A new class of diagnosable systems is introduced: in these systems, units and comparators used in the diagnostic process may fail. Failure of comparators introduces a new condition of test invalidation for comparison. Characterisation theorems and fault identification similarities between different comparison models are presented.

Comparison-based diagnosis with faulty comparators

Balanced dual-stage repair for dependable embedded memory cores

This paper presents a new approach for concur- rent error detection in a homogeneous architecture for the computation of the complex N-point fast Fourier transform (FFT) in radix-2. The proposed approach is based on the re- lationship between cell computations. It is proved that 100% probability of detection is possible. Overhead issues for hard- ware and timing are addressed. It is proved that hardware overhead for concurrent error detection is 50% compared to a fault-intolerant complex two-point implementation. A modest time overhead is encountered for error detection and fault lo- cation. Error detection can be accommodated on-line and on a component basis (multiplier or adderhbtractor); full fault lo- cation is accomplished by a roving technique. The proposed technique can be efficiently accommodated in a homogeneous layout. A two-phase reconfiguration policy for the proposed ar- chitecture is presented. It is proved that switching and routing overhead is modest, while achieving a significant reliability improvement over previous approaches.

Fabrizio Lombardi

Papers

Frequency Response of a Coupled Magnetoelectric Hexaferrite Film on a Spiral Coil

Repair algorithms for mirrored disk systems

Comparison-based diagnosis with faulty comparators

Balanced dual-stage repair for dependable embedded memory cores

Concurrent Error Detection and Fault Location in an