Showing papers by "Jonas Manjer published in 2008"
Aalborg University1, Utrecht University2, University of Oxford3, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens4, French Institute of Health and Medical Research5, German Cancer Research Center6, Harvard University7, Imperial College London8, University of Turin9, University of Naples Federico II10, Umeå University11, Lund University12, University of Tromsø13, University of Cambridge14, International Agency for Research on Cancer15
TL;DR: It is suggested that both general adiposity and abdominal adiposity are associated with the risk of death and support the use of waist circumference or waist-to-hip ratio in addition to BMI in assessing therisk of death.
Abstract: Background Previous studies have relied predominantly on the body-mass index (BMI, the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) to assess the association of adiposity with the risk of death, but few have examined whether the distribution of body fat contributes to the prediction of death. Methods We examined the association of BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio with the risk of death among 359,387 participants from nine countries in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). We used a Cox regression analysis, with age as the time variable, and stratified the models according to study center and age at recruitment, with further adjustment for educational level, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and height. Results During a mean follow-up of 9.7 years, 14,723 participants died. The lowest risks of death related to BMI were observed at a BMI of 25.3 for men and 24.3 for women. After adjustment for BMI, waist circumfer...
1,804 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that blood RTL may serve as a prognostic indicator in breast cancer patients with advanced disease, and relative telomere length of peripheral blood cells in relation to breast cancer incidence and prognosis.
Abstract: Telomeres are essential for maintaining chromosomal stability Previous studies have indicated that individuals with shorter blood telomeres may be at higher risk of developing various types of can
184 citations
Cancer Epidemiology Unit1, Aarhus University2, German Cancer Research Center3, University of Turin4, Imperial College London5, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens6, Andalusian School of Public Health7, University of Cambridge8, Malmö University9, Umeå University10, International Agency for Research on Cancer11
TL;DR: The hypothesis that a high intake of protein or calcium from dairy products may increase the risk for prostate cancer is supported.
Abstract: We examined consumption of animal foods, protein and calcium in relation to risk of prostate cancer among 142 251 men in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Associations were examined using Cox regression, stratified by recruitment centre and adjusted for height, weight, education, marital status and energy intake. After an average of 8.7 years of follow-up, there were 2727 incident cases of prostate cancer, of which 1131 were known to be localised and 541 advanced-stage disease. A high intake of dairy protein was associated with an increased risk, with a hazard ratio for the top versus the bottom fifth of intake of 1.22 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07-1.41, P(trend)=0.02). After calibration to allow for measurement error, we estimated that a 35-g day(-1) increase in consumption of dairy protein was associated with an increase in the risk of prostate cancer of 32% (95% CI: 1-72%, P(trend)=0.04). Calcium from dairy products was also positively associated with risk, but not calcium from other foods. The results support the hypothesis that a high intake of protein or calcium from dairy products may increase the risk for prostate cancer.
179 citations
Charité1, University of Oxford2, Aalborg University3, German Cancer Research Center4, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens5, Harvard University6, University of Turin7, Lund University8, Umeå University9, University of Cambridge10, International Agency for Research on Cancer11, Imperial College London12
TL;DR: Data suggest that abdominal adiposity may be associated with an increased risk of advanced prostate cancer, and this association may be stronger among individuals with lower BMI; however, this finding needs confirmation in future studies.
Abstract: Background: Body size has been hypothesized to influence the risk of prostate cancer; however, most epidemiologic studies have relied on body mass index (BMI) to assess adiposity, whereas only a fe ...
120 citations
American Cancer Society1, University of California, San Francisco2, German Cancer Research Center3, University of Hawaii4, Brigham and Women's Hospital5, Institut Gustave Roussy6, Harvard University7, University of Southern California8, University of Tromsø9, Malmö University10, Marshfield Clinic11, Utrecht University12, Imperial College London13, McGill University14, University of Oxford15, National Institutes of Health16
TL;DR: The impact of genetic variation in IGF1 and IGFBP3 on circulating IGF levels does not appear to substantially influence breast cancer risk substantially among primarily Caucasian postmenopausal women.
Abstract: IGF-1 has been shown to promote proliferation of normal epithelial breast cells, and the IGF pathway has also been linked to mammary carcinogenesis in animal models. We comprehensively examined the association between common genetic variation in the IGF1, IGFBP1, and IGFBP3 genes in relation to circulating IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels and breast cancer risk within the NCI Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (BPC3). This analysis included 6,912 breast cancer cases and 8,891 matched controls (n = 6,410 for circulating IGF-I and 6,275 for circulating IGFBP-3 analyses) comprised primarily of Caucasian women drawn from six large cohorts. Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype patterns were characterized in the regions surrounding IGF1 and the genes coding for two of its binding proteins, IGFBP1 and IGFBP3. In total, thirty haplotype-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (htSNP) were selected to provide high coverage of common haplotypes; the haplotype structure was defined across four haplotype blocks for IGF1 and three for IGFBP1 and IGFBP3. Specific IGF1 SNPs individually accounted for up to 5% change in circulating IGF-I levels and individual IGFBP3 SNPs were associated up to 12% change in circulating IGFBP-3 levels, but no associations were observed between these polymorphisms and breast cancer risk. Logistic regression analyses found no associations between breast cancer and any htSNPs or haplotypes in IGF1, IGFBP1, or IGFBP3. No effect modification was observed in analyses stratified by menopausal status, family history of breast cancer, body mass index, or postmenopausal hormone therapy, or for analyses stratified by stage at diagnosis or hormone receptor status. In summary, the impact of genetic variation in IGF1 and IGFBP3 on circulating IGF levels does not appear to substantially influence breast cancer risk substantially among primarily Caucasian postmenopausal women.
116 citations
TL;DR: There is no association between dietary fat and prostate cancer risk from this large multicenter study of 142,520 men in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.
109 citations
VU University Medical Center1, International Agency for Research on Cancer2, University of Padua3, University of Porto4, University of Turin5, Imperial College London6, Lund University7, Umeå University8, Andalusian School of Public Health9, University of Oxford10, Medical Research Council11, University of Cambridge12, German Cancer Research Center13, Aarhus University Hospital14, Utrecht University15, Institut Gustave Roussy16, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens17, University of Tromsø18
TL;DR: This prospective study confirms the association of IL1RN polymorphisms with the risk of non-cardia GC and indicates that IL8 -251T>A may modify the risk for GC.
108 citations
TL;DR: Smoking is associated with the incidence of acute pancreatitis in a dose-response manner and there was also a weak correlation between BMI and acute Pancreatitis.
103 citations
International Agency for Research on Cancer1, German Cancer Research Center2, University of Naples Federico II3, Imperial College London4, Umeå University5, Lund University6, University of Oxford7, University of Cambridge8, Medical Research Council9, Aarhus University10, University of Tromsø11, French Institute of Health and Medical Research12, Basque Government13, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens14, Utrecht University15
TL;DR: The results of the current study suggest a mild implication of hyperglycemia in colorectal cancer, which seems more important in women than in men, and more for cancer of the rectum than of the colon.
Abstract: Although large-scale prospective cohort studies have related hyperglycemia to increased risk of cancer overall, studies specifically on colorectal cancer have been generally small. We investigated the association between prediagnostic levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), a marker for average glucose level in blood, and colorectal cancer risk in a case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. One thousand and twenty-six incident colorectal cancer cases (561 men and 465 women) and 1,026 matched controls were eligible for the study. Multivariate conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORS) adjusted for possible confounders. Increasing HbA1c percentages were statistically significantly associated with a mild increase in colorectal cancer risk in the whole population [OR, 1.10; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01,1.19 for a 10% increase in HbA1c]. In women, increasing HbA1c percentages were associated with a statistically significant increase in colorectal cancer risk (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.01, 1.32 for a 10% increase in HbA1c) and with a borderline statistically significant increase in rectum cancer (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 0.99,1.50 for a 10% increase in HbA1c). No significant association with cancer risk was observed in men. The results of the current study suggest a mild implication of hyperglycemia in colorectal cancer, which seems more important in women than in men, and more for cancer of the rectum than of the colon.
76 citations
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention1, International Agency for Research on Cancer2, Umeå University3, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens4, Institut Gustave Roussy5, University of Oxford6, German Cancer Research Center7, Lund University8, University of Naples Federico II9, Utrecht University10, Imperial College London11, Aarhus University12
TL;DR: A large variability in acrylamide exposure and metabolism between individuals and country groups was observed with HbAA and HbGA values ranging between 15-623 and 8-377 pmol of Hb, respectively.
Abstract: Acrylamide exposure was investigated in subgroups of the EPIC study population (510 subjects from 9 European countries, randomly selected and stratified by age, gender, and smoking status) using hemoglobin adducts of acrylamide (HbAA) and its primary metabolite glycidamide (HbGA). Blood samples were analyzed for HbAA and HbGA by HPLC/MS/MS. Statistical models for HbAA and HbGA were developed including body mass index (BMI), educational level, and physical activity. A large variability in acrylamide exposure and metabolism between individuals and country groups was observed with HbAA and HbGA values ranging between 15-623 and 8-377 pmol/g of Hb, respectively. Both adducts differed significantly by country, sex, and smoking status. HbGA values were significantly lower in high alcohol consumers than in moderate consumers. With increasing BMI, HbGA in nonsmokers and HbAA in smokers decreased significantly. In the assessment of potential health effects related to acrylamide exposure, country of origin, BMI, alcohol consumption, sex, and smoking status should be considered.
70 citations
Imperial College London1, German Cancer Research Center2, Aalborg University3, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens4, Harvard University5, University of Naples Federico II6, Utrecht University7, Umeå University8, Lund University9, University of Oxford10, University of Cambridge11, Medical Research Council12, International Agency for Research on Cancer13
TL;DR: The EPIC analyses support an association between height and overall non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and multiple myeloma among women and suggest heterogeneous subtype associations and one of the first prospective studies focusing on central adiposity and non- Hodgkins lymphoma subtypes.
Abstract: BACKGROUND:
The incidences of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma are increasing steadily. It has been hypothesized that this may be due, in part, to the parallel rising prevalence of obesi ...
TL;DR: In never smokers and in subjects with low risk alcohol consumption, a positive H. pylori serology was associated with an increased risk for pancreatic cancer, but these findings should be interpreted cautiously due to the limited number of cases in these subgroups.
Abstract: The relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and pancreatic cancer has been investigated in three previous studies with contradictory results. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between H. pylori seropositivity and the risk for pancreatic cancer in a nested case-control study within a population based cohort. Selected birth-year cohorts (born 1921–1949) of residents in Malmo, Sweden, were invited to a health screening investigation. A total of 33 346 subjects participated. Cases with pancreatic cancer (n = 87) were matched to controls (n = 263) using age, sex and time for baseline investigation as matching variables. H. pylori serology was analysed in stored serum samples using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Odds ratios (OR) for pancreatic cancer were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using logistic regression.
H. pylori seropositivity was not associated with pancreatic cancer in the total cohort (adjusted OR 1.25 (0.75–2.09)). However, a statistically significant association was found in never smokers (OR 3.81 (1.06–13.63) adjusted for alcohol consumption) and a borderline statistically significant association was found in subjects with low alcohol consumption (OR 2.13 (0.97–4.69) adjusted for smoking). We conclude that no association between H. pylori infection and the risk for pancreatic cancer was found in the total cohort. However, in never smokers and in subjects with low risk alcohol consumption, a positive H. pylori serology was associated with an increased risk for pancreatic cancer. These findings should be interpreted cautiously due to the limited number of cases in these subgroups.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that HMG‐CoAR is differentially expressed in breast cancer and that a high expression is associated with prognostically favourable tumour parameters.
Abstract: Although several studies have reported on the anti-tumoural properties exerted by 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoAR) inhibitors (statins), the in vivo expression of HMG-CoAR in human cancer has been considerably less investigated. In our study, we examined the immunohistochemical expression of HMG-CoAR in 511 incident breast cancers within the Malmo Diet and Cancer Study in order to explore its relationship to established clinicopathological and tumour biological parameters. Furthermore, the potential influence of estrogen exposure on HMG-CoAR expression was assessed by performing Cox's proportional hazards analyses of the relationship between the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), obesity (waist circumference) and tumour-cell specific HMG-CoAR expression. We found that HMG-CoAR was present in various fractions and intensities in the cytoplasm, sometimes with a membranous pattern, but not in the tumour cell nuclei. The expression of HMG-CoAR was associated with a smaller tumour size (p = 0.02), low histological grade (p = 0.001), low Ki67 index (p = 0.004), ERalpha+ (p = 0.02), ERbeta+ (p = 0.005), and high p27 expression (p = 50%) fraction of positive cells (relative risk: 2.06; 95% confidence interval: 1.20-3.51), and a strong staining intensity (2.33: 1.08-5.02). In summary, we demonstrate that HMG-CoAR is differentially expressed in breast cancer and that a high expression is associated with prognostically favourable tumour parameters. Moreover, estrogen related life-style and anthropometric factors might indeed regulate HMG-CoAR expression.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Protease activation and inflammation are early events in AP, with high levels of these markers within 24 h, whereas inflammation is present for a longer time.
Imperial College London1, German Cancer Research Center2, University of Würzburg3, Aalborg University4, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens5, University of Naples Federico II6, Utrecht University7, University of Tromsø8, Umeå University9, Lund University10, University of Oxford11, University of Cambridge12, International Agency for Research on Cancer13
TL;DR: This prospective study did not provide evidence for a role of self-reported diabetes in the etiology of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma overall or multiple myeloma and found an increased risk of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia among men with diabetes, but not among women.
Abstract: Diabetes and the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma in the European prospective investigation into Cancer and nutrition
German Cancer Research Center1, University of Oxford2, Aalborg University3, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens4, Harvard University5, University of Granada6, Umeå University7, Lund University8, Medical Research Council9, University of Cambridge10, International Agency for Research on Cancer11, Imperial College London12
TL;DR: Overall, neither alcohol consumption at baseline nor average lifetime alcohol consumption was associated with the risk for prostate cancer in this cohort of men.
Abstract: Alcohol consumption and the risk for prostate cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition.
German Cancer Research Center1, Aalborg University2, Aarhus University3, University of Oxford4, Medical Research Council5, University of Cambridge6, University of Turin7, University of Naples Federico II8, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens9, Utrecht University10, International Agency for Research on Cancer11, Imperial College London12, University of Tromsø13, Lund University14, Umeå University15
TL;DR: In this prospective study, smoking appeared to increase Hodgkin's lymphoma risk consistently in both genders, whereas B-cell non-Hodgkin'symphoma risk was not associated, and future analysis should involve viral biomarkers and genetic susceptibility markers to elucidate potential mechanisms of smoking-induced carcinogenesis, particularly for Hodgkin't lymphoma.
Abstract: Lymphomas are one of the few cancers that have been increasing in incidence over the past decades. So far, only a few established risk factors have been identified, including immunosuppression and viral infections. Recent evidence suggests etiologic heterogeneity of different lymphoma subtypes. Smoking may affect risk differently, depending on the lymphoma entity. The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition was used to study the role of smoking in the etiology of lymphomas and individual subtypes within a prospective study. Information on baseline and lifetime tobacco smoking by 478,590 participants was collected between 1992 and 2000. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. During 3,567,410 person-years of follow-up, 1,371 lymphoma cases (1,304 non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and 67 Hodgkin's lymphomas) were identified. Relative risk for smokers at recruitment was more than twofold higher for Hodgkin's lymphoma (hazard ratio = 2.14, 95% confidence interval: 1.18, 3.87) but was not elevated for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (hazard ratio = 1.06, 95% confidence interval: 0.94, 1.19) and individual B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma subtypes. In this prospective study, smoking appeared to increase Hodgkin's lymphoma risk consistently in both genders, whereas B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma risk was not associated. Future analysis should involve viral biomarkers and genetic susceptibility markers to elucidate potential mechanisms of smoking-induced carcinogenesis, particularly for Hodgkin's lymphoma.
International Agency for Research on Cancer1, University of Cambridge2, VU University Medical Center3, Aarhus University Hospital4, Institut Gustave Roussy5, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens6, Imperial College London7, Utrecht University8, University of Tromsø9, Andalusian School of Public Health10, Umeå University11, Malmö University12, University of Oxford13, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto14
TL;DR: A case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort was conducted to assess the GC risk association of eight CDH1 gene polymorphisms, finding none of the CDH 1 polymorphisms or haplotypes analysed were associated with GC risk and no differences of effect were observed by Helicobacter pylori infection status.
TL;DR: Serum MCP-1 in urine, CAPAP in serum and urine and aCAP may also be useful for predicting severe AP, and the levels of all markers were significantly higher in patients with severe disease.
TL;DR: It is concluded that reproductive factors such as menopausal status, use of oral contraceptives or hormone‐replacement therapy, and age, BMI and season are associated with serum calcium concentrations.
Abstract: Objective. Serum calcium concentrations have been associated with the risk of malignant disease, especially breast cancer. Thus, determinants of serum calcium concentrations, with special regard to risk factors of breast cancer, are of great interest. Material and methods. Previous studies have either been small or they have not focused on reproductive factors. The present study examined serum calcium concentrations in relation to reproductive history, selected lifestyle factors and screening season in a large population‐based cohort study comprising 8,114 women. ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni t‐test were used for comparison of means, and logistic regression and multiple regression analysis were used to test associations. Results. Serum calcium concentrations were lower in hormone replacement therapy users versus non‐users (2.321 mmol/L versus 2.364; p<0.001) and in users of oral contraceptives versus non‐users (2.304 versus 2.348; p<0.001). They were higher in peri‐/postmenopausal versus premenopausal ...
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: The results from this large multicenter study suggest that there is no association between dietary fat and prostate cancer risk.
Abstract: Background: Findings from early observational studies have suggested that the intake of dietary fat might be a contributing factor in the etiology of prostate cancer. However, the results from more recent prospective studies do not support this hypothesis, and the possible association between different food sources of fat and prostate cancer risk also remains unclear. Objective:The objectives were to assess whether intakes of dietary fat, subtypes of fat, and fat from animal products were associated with prostate cancer risk. Design:Thiswasamulticenterprospectivestudyof142 520menin the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Dietary fat intake was estimated with the use of countryspecific validated food questionnaires. The association between dietary fat and risk of prostate cancer was assessed by using Cox regression, stratified by recruitment center and adjusted for height, weight, smoking, education, marital status, and energy intake. Results:Afteramedianfollow-uptimeof8.7y,prostatecancerwas diagnosed in 2727 men. There was no significant association between dietary fat (total, saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fat and the ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fat) and risk ofprostatecancer.Thehazardratioforprostatecancerforthehighest versus the lowest quintile of total fat intake was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.84, 1.09; P for trend 0.155). There were no significant associations between prostate cancer risk and fat from red meat, dairy products, and fish. Conclusion: The results from this large multicenter study suggest that there is no association between dietary fat and prostate cancer risk. Am J Clin Nutr 2008;87:1405–13.
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined serum calcium concentrations in relation to reproductive history, selected lifestyle factors and screening season in a large population-based cohort study comprising 8,114 women and concluded that reproductive factors such as menopausal status, use of oral contraceptives or hormonereplacement therapy, and age, BMI and season are associated with serum calcium.
Abstract: Objective. Serum calcium concentrations have been associated with the risk of malignant disease, especially breast cancer. Thus, determinants of serum calcium concentrations, with special regard to risk factors of breast cancer, are of great interest. Material and methods. Previous studies have either been small or they have not focused on reproductive factors. The present study examined serum calcium concentrations in relation to reproductive history, selected lifestyle factors and screening season in a large population-based cohort study comprising 8,114 women. ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni t-test were used for comparison of means, and logistic regression and multiple regression analysis were used to test associations. Results. Serum calcium concentrations were lower in hormone replacement therapy users versus non-users (2.321 mmol/L versus 2.364; pv0.001) and in users of oral contraceptives versus non-users (2.304 versus 2.348; pv0.001). They were higher in peri-/postmenopausal versus premenopausal women (2.357 versus 2.319; pv0.001). Overweight and obese women had higher mean calcium concentrations (2.350 and 2.355) than women with body mass index between 20 and 25 (2.342; pv0.001). Serum calcium concentrations were higher in spring and autumn than in winter (2.352 and 2.353 versus 2.343; p50.002). Both younger (40–45 years) (2.334; p50.001) and older age groups (w55 years) (2.363; pv0.001) had higher mean calcium concentrations compared to those of women aged 45–50 years (2.320), even when adjusting for menopausal status, suggesting that age has an independent influence on calcium concentrations. Conclusions. It is concluded that reproductive factors such as menopausal status, use of oral contraceptives or hormonereplacement therapy, and age, BMI and season are associated with serum calcium concentrations.